588 GRAM M All OF THE KLAMATH LANGUAGE. 



linslitaiikiiiq)kii mbu'.sliau they were to meet the next day, 41, 12. Mod. 

 gatpanipC'li-uapka slia at they had almoat reached their home, Mod. 



D. — This siitiix li'as also a sort of usitative function in describing acts 

 habitually done, under certain conditions or at certain seasons of the year, 

 and therefore prospectively to be performed also in future times under like 

 conditions. In this sense, the future is used in many other languages also. 



nad gita ])ienuaj)k polokuantch, ktillo\valslni;ipka we shall there scrape 



up chrynaUds, gather pine-nuts, 75, 8; cf. 12. 

 nash stipash gc'pgapeliuapk, tsi'alsh kavvi tchish epkuapk in one month 



they ivill or would return; salmon and lamprey-eels they ivill bring, 



93, 4 ; cf. 3. 



E. — The future in -uapka is used to express the idea of compulsion 

 by force, by nature, or by imperative command of others. Cf "Methods 

 to express compulsion" (below). 



F. — The future in -uapka is used in its verbals, or coimected with vari- 

 ous particles, to express the ideas of possibility and volition. Cf. "Modes 

 of the Verb." When connected with hii if, or other conditional particles, 

 it forms conditional sentences. 



MODES OF THE VERB. 



Of the three modes of the finite noun-verb — the declarative, the con- 

 ditional, and the imperative — only the first and last show the beginnings 

 of an incorporation of the personal pronoun. The conjunctive, optative, 

 and potential of other languages are here expressed analytically by par- 

 ticles added to the two first-mentioned modes, and these are spoken of 

 under separate headings. 



THE DECLARATIVE MODE. 



It corresponds very closely to the indicative of European languages, 

 and has been treated of at length under "Tense Forms", pages 570 sqq. It 

 is used in the style of historic narrative, in queries and replies, in affirma- 

 tive, negative, and interrogative sentences, in conditional sentences when 

 formed, e. g., with hii if, and often serves where we would use the con- 

 junctive or another mode. 



