C02 GRAMMAK OF THE KLAMATH LANGUAGE. 



above. Thus I may refer to the objective case of the distributive verbal 

 of shemtchal/a to discover, find out, m 65, 3: lii ni wtlk nii'-ulaktanuapk 

 sheshanitsal;jishasli hii'nk / do not know hoiv to proceed against (her), ivho has 

 (or for having) discovered every part of it. Another passage contains the 

 emphatic adessive case-suffix appended to the verbal of spuka to he prostrate: 

 spii'ksksaksi ivhere the (man) lay extended, 24, If). An uncommon peri- 

 phrastic form is also kedshniitash kin it was groiving all the tvhile, taken from 

 a Modoc text. As soon as more parallel forms are gathered, it will be 

 possible to investigate all the uses to which these new forms are put. 



3. The verbal conditional in -sM. 



This verbal ending in -slit, -st undergoes no inflectional change, and in 

 the jnajorityof instances has to be rendered in Englisli by a clause depend- 

 ent of the main sentence. It enunciates the cause, condition, circumstance, 

 or time of the act or state which is mentioned in the principal clause; its 

 subject necessarily differs from that of the finite verb of the principal sentence. 

 Whenever the noun or pronoun of the verbal conditional is mentioned, 

 which is done in the majority of instances, it is preceding or following the 

 verbal in the objective case, as it does with the verbal indefinite in -shi, q. v. 

 Since cause or condition for an act or state necessarily precedes in time the 

 act or state itself, our verbal differs in its temporal relation from the sub- 

 jective case of the verbal indefinite by referring more frequently to the past. 

 There are sentences in which we have to render it by the English past, 

 the perfect, the pluperfect, and others whex'e the English present and even 

 the future is in place. 



a.. Verbal in -sht in a causative function. One of the more frequent uses 

 made of this verbal is to express causality or condition for the performance 

 of an act, and, as the ending -t shows, the conditional function gave to this 

 form its origin. The difference between it and the suffix -6ga, -ok, -ids, 

 when indicative of cause, lies in the subject of the two — when the finite 

 verb and the verbal have the same subject, -6ga is the form to be used; 

 when both differ in their subjects, the verbal in -sht has to step in. 



