VEllDAL CAUSATIVE. 607 



power of designating either the cause of an act or state — a function prol)ably 

 originating from tlie one given above, "on the surface of"; or it may des- 

 ignate a temporal rehition to the verb of the sentence — a function proceeding 

 from the original locative signification within, inside* The causative func- 

 tion of -uga largely prevails in frequency over the temporal one, which we 

 have to indicate by when in rendering the verbal by a subordinate clause. 

 The grammatic subject of the verbal is 'the same as that of the governing 

 verb; if the subjects of both were not identical, the verbal conditional would 

 stand instead. Cf. page 415. 



1. The verbal in -ilga designates the natural or logical cause of the act 

 or state pointed out by the finite verb of the sentence. In English it lias 

 to be rendered by for, to, in order to, because of, on account of, or other par- 

 ticles of the same import. 



shapiya tua gatpamnuka he told ivhat he had come for, 34, 1. 



gena sha mbushant me-idshuk kii'sh next day they ivent to diy ipo-bulbs, 



118, 6. 

 nad gelo'Ia pa-uk we dismounted for rejjast, I'J, 7. 

 tchila'lxa sha tchuleks mbushant tche'k pa-uapkuk they saved the meat 



in order to eat it next mornimi, 119, 16. 

 nu gdnuapk ne'gsh maiam p'gisha haitchnuk I shall start to search for 



your absent mother, 119, 19; cf 122, 17. 

 weka ku-ishe-uk hfdladshuitanma p'luksha m'na the little hoy, being full 



of joy, ran up to his grandfather and back again, 96, 13. 

 tatktish ishkuk kiuks hanshna ma'shish in order to extract the disease, the 



conjurer sucks at the patient, 71, 5. 6. 

 tunip hushtsox sheno'tankok they killed five men ivlien fighting. 

 nishta liJi'ma mii'kash tpju't^uk when the oivl predicts (misfortune), it hoots 



all night long, 88, 6. 



Compare also the passages 77, 3; 122, b. 10; 123, 3; 136, 1. The 

 connection of this verbal with se'gsa, in 20, 9, is rather uncommon 



2. The verbal in -uga points to the time or epocli of the act or state 

 mentioned by the finite verb of the sentence. In some instances, the causal 



* We have a parallel to this iu the Creek language, where -(3fa, -6fau means loithin, inside of, 

 when appended to nouns; while, (luring, when suffixed to verbs. 



