POSSESSION. 615 



becomes also the logical subject, and the object possessed stands in the ob- 

 jective case. The sentence is complete onl}' when gi is or are is added to 

 gitko; gi is not possessive in that case, but it represents the substantive 

 verb, and is frequently dropped or coalesces with the gi'tko preceding into 

 one word. 



kek wAtsag mi'imenish wawakash gitko this dog has long ears. 



turaa ni'l gitk nsUam shi'p our sheep carry much wool. 



wakwakli nu'sh gitko conical-headed. 



ka-i nu shan.ihuli snawedshash kokuapkash lii'lp gipkash I do not icant 



a tvife having swollen eyes, 186; 54. 

 (i) tuma tua gi'tkuapka (for gitko gf-uapka) you rviU he possessed of much 



property, 182; 7. 

 (sha) kinkiin' sm5'k gi'tk, atinsh hlk gi'tko they have a spare heard; they 

 wear the hair long, 90, 5. 6. 



3. The idea of possession is intimately connected with that of wearing, 

 using, heing provided with, or carrying an object, when the participial suffix 

 -tko, abbr. -tk, is appended to the object worn, used, or carried. This ap- 

 plies to parts of the human or animal body, to the organs of trees or other 

 plants, to manufactured articles, tools, and garments, as hats or coats, or 

 to domestic animals. More stress is laid on the use of these articles than 

 on their possession. Some of these forms in -tko are derived from a corre- 

 sponding verb, as kiikatko, from kuka to ivear a gown, but the majority are 

 the product of the suffixation of gitko to the noun of which they appear to 

 be the derivatives, and of a subsequent contraction. But as to taldshitko 

 provided with small arroivs, for instance, it would be out of place to suppose 

 that there ever was a verb taldsha to provide with arroivs ; the word is a 

 contraction of taldshi gitko "arrows having." More will be found in List 

 of Suffixes, under -tko. No. 4. 



WW vftA.^h s\\V.(\.i9,\k dressed in a woodpecker mantle, 189; 6. 



pi a wawakshnatk he has moccasins on. 



tse-usam tsuytitk (hilt gi) he wears a hat adorned with the feathers of the 



yclloiv-hammer, 181; 1. 

 tidsha k(%atk i shewa you helieve that you are dressed nicely, 189; 5. 

 wika=telantko having a short face, 190; 14. 



