THE INDIRECT OBJECT. 627 



kia'm nutuyakia n4kosh ga'tant (they) threw fish to the other side of the 

 dam, 132, 3. 4. 



at lulal^at pipelantan tsh now lie ye dotvn on each side of me, Mod. 



niisli guni'ta huwaliega he ran up the hill beyond your lodge, 183 ; 17. 



4. Forms of the composite nomiiia] inflection may be used for express- 

 ing indirect objects just as well as the case-forms of the simple declension. 

 This composite inflection is either binary or ternary ; instances of it may be 

 found in the paradigms of substantival inflection, pages 493, 494, 495, and 

 syntactic examples on page 491. 



B Pronouns as objects. — When a personal or reflective pronoun is 

 the indirect object of a transitive or intransitive verb, it is usually expressed 

 by the objective case in -sh, -s, unless some locative or other reference re- 

 quires another case or the combination of the pronoun with some postposition. 



The objective case of the personal pronoun may be used to indicate 

 somebody's home, house, or dwelling, just as. in French ches moi, chrz soi. 

 Special forms of the reflective pronoun are those in -i, as hiinitak zvithin or 

 hy oneself in on£s mind; and the suffix -gien, -gi'ank, -gianggi, formed of the 

 participle of gi to act, perform (gi'ank) and the above particle i; cf page 329. 



luya mish nii lewash I give you a pldying-haU. 



shewana 'sh nadshashak give all at once to me. Mod. 



ani'k tchakela n's skai tak I send a basket to get me something in, lb, 9. 



lutatkatki pish shatela he hired (her) to interpret for him, 13, 11. 



tankt mish ni skuyiVshkuapk finally I shall separate (her) from you, 

 60, 22. 



slii'bopk hu'nitak tii' sas hisho'kst he knew by himself that out there they 

 had killed each other, 108, 5. 



kani'ta pi'sh outside of his lodge, lit. "outside of himself, ' 71, 2. 



mish guni'ta beyond your home, 183; 17. 



The indirect object of a medial verb is pronominal, and is indicated by 

 the medial prefix sh-, s- ; the object of some of the reciprocal verbs is an 

 indirect object in English, and in Klamath is referred to by the same prefix 

 sh- or bv the compound prefix h-sh-. Cf. page 425. 



C. Object expressed by verbs. — The indirect object in a sentence 

 may find expression in a verb, and in that case an incident clause is usually 



