ATTRIBUTE OF THE VERB. 631 



it becomes its prefix or first part. When standing separate, some of them 

 assume the reduplicated form when used in a distributive sense, though the 

 majority of adverbs lack this granimatic form ; the qualified verb sometimes 

 assumes the distributive form also. A few adverbs are exactly like the 

 adjectives formed of the same basis, and concerning these it may be difficult 

 to decide whether the Indian uses them as adverbs or as adjectives ; cf. 

 w^nnitoks kek shiita he acts differently from others. 



The numeral adverb corresponding to our four times, five times, etc., 

 and some of the locative adverbs pointing to direction, or to the points of 

 the compass, show the ending -ni, which remains uninflected. Another 

 series of numeral and other adverbs ends in -ash, a terminal which repre- 

 sents the objective case of tlie numeral adjective. Both endings have been 

 discussed in Morphology, pages 530, 531. 



tidsh ml hushlta / feel well, healthy. 

 tina'k shniwatchna to swallow at one gulp. 

 pii'dshit ])shin ka-ti tchemuka it is very dark to-night. 

 dti (iwa the water is deep ; lit. "it stands, fills up deeply." 

 d-ati e-i^wa the tvaters are deep. 

 wf-uka {or uyiiga) e-^wa the tvaters are shallow. 

 wewani a sha hunk pen shulota they dress differently. 

 nddimi shuta hu he did so three times. 

 tun^pni ge-u lalualatko I own five pins. 

 sa shlin tu'kni they shot him from the other side, 23, 21. 

 kokagtalkni gc^pgap'l' they returned over a brook, 29, 14. 

 Mo'dokni nda'nash pelpeltampka the Modocs beyan to tvork at a third 

 place, 35, 20. 



A special use is made of the numeral adverb when days and years are 

 mentioned, which difi'ers from English considerably. For our terms day and 

 year are not always expressed by the substantives illolash, illu'lsh year and 

 waitash, wilitash day of twelve or day of twenty-four hours, but at times by 

 the verbs ilhiila, illola (in Klamath illolola) to complete a year, to pass a full 

 year, waita, wiii'ta, wtiitula to wait ov pass one day, to lay over for a whole day, 

 or day and night. Then this verb is qualified by the adverbial in -ni, not 



