ATTRIBUTE OF THE NOUN. 635 



spakA=wesli tool for hreak'mg ice. 



te-iniwa-ash young woman, lit. "young growing" or "newly existing;" 



also other terms formed of the verb wA. 

 tehliuyiigotkish slit in pocket-knife blade to facilitate its opening, from 



tchlika to grasp, uydga to lift up. 



Bemark. — To incorporate nouns or pronouns into the verb is a method 

 of word composition frequent in many languages of Europe and America. 

 Greek is characteristic for its facility for incorporating nouns and verbs into 

 one term, the noun being usually the direct object of the verb. In Nahua J 

 the transitive verb incorporates either its nominal object or a pronominal 

 particle instead of it. But in Klamath I know of no instance of this sort, 

 for ish lulpalpaliat make ye eyes for me again, 154; 11, is not derived from 

 lulp eyes and pt^lpela to work, but from lulpala to make eyes, -pah'- for -peli 

 again, at ye. 



An instance of a pronoun incorporated into a verb seems to be: hiiraasht, 

 d. humamasht so, in this manner. 



B.— THE NOUN WITH ITS ATTRIBUTIVE QUALIFICATION. 



The natural position of the attribute is before the qualified noun, and 

 not after it. The parts of grammar which serve to qualify the noun are 

 chiefly adjectives and substantives, and when two substantives unite into a 

 compound, this is frequently done by syncopation. 



(a). Nominal compounds expressing possessive relation. 



Whenever a noun standing in tlie possessive (-am, -lam) or in the par- 

 titive case (-ti) is placed before another noun, the antecedent qualifies the 

 following noun as to ownership, appurtenance, origin, substance, or material. 

 The ending of the possessive case is sometimes shortened to -a, or drops oft" 

 altogether in rapid conversation, and this forms the transition to the prop- 

 erly so-called compound nouns. 



Instances of possessive case : 



ko'ltam wash otter den. 



kills tge-ush (for kiilsam tgcwash) place where the badger stands in icater. 



