642 GRAMMAR OF THE KLAMATH LANGUAGE. 



The syntactic feature called incorporation often causes inversion and 

 other changes in the natural position of the words, examples of which will 

 be quoted under the caption of "Incorporation." 



In the negative, interrogative, and interrogative-negative sentence the 

 position of the words is in the main identical witli the one observed in the 

 declarative or affirmative sentenci; ; in the orafio ohliqua or indirect mode of 

 speaking and in indirect questions it does not differ from the sequence of 

 words in the direct mode of speaking {oratio recta) and the direct questions. 



The syntactic arrangement of the sentence exercises some influence 

 upon the word-accent. Some remarks on this have been inserted in Pho- 

 nology, pages 236-243. 



There is, perhaps, no part of the Klamath Grammar less subject to rules 

 than the position of words in the sentence. This is so because this language 

 differentiates the parts of speech better than many otlier Indian languages, 

 and in regard to the placing of the attribute is even freer than French, En- 

 glish, and German. In some points all languages of the world agree, as in 

 the placing of the conjunctions at the head of the sentence ; the subject also 

 leads the sentence in the large majority of languages when it is expressed 

 by a noun. 



Many other indications concerning the position of words are dissemi- 

 nated throughout the Grammar, as in the chapter on adjectives, pronouns, 

 and particles. Tlie negative particle ka-i usually leads the sentence, liut 

 the putativ^e negative le not in most instances stands immediately before the 

 verb qualified by it : 



pi hiink nen ak le k(^pka lie does not want to come, he says. 

 wiUchag le genug wawa a dog howls for not (being permitted) to go. 



THE SENTENCE. 



STRUCTURE OF THE SENTENCE. 



The simple sentence is the most frequent and also the most ancient form 

 of the sentence. This form need not contain anything else but the subject 

 and its predicate, or, when tlie latter is a transitive verb requiring an object, 



