THE INTERROGATIVE SENTENCE. 645 



kti-ikema not to know, etc. Cf. also page 633. The use of these terms nega- 

 tives the whole phrase or sentence, and examples for their use may be found 

 in the Dictionary. Another negative vei'b to he unable, and parallel to k^- 

 shga, is tchana : nil pc'lpelash tchana or tchanish I cannot ivork, lit. "I do not 

 know how to work." On the construction of these two verbs, cf page 598. 



A passage in which k4-i stands at the end of a sentence is 87, 5 : kma' 

 ydmnash tchish, tAlatoks ka-i skull-caps and heads, money none. But here 

 k;i-i negatives not a whole sentence, only a noun, that is s. portion of a sen- 

 tence. Our no! when it forms a reply to queries, is usually expressed in 

 Klamath as a whole sentence; cf Dictionary, page 162. 



The other negative particle, le, is of a putative character, and is used 

 only when the denial is a conditional one, or when it is not outspoken and 

 existing only in somebody's mind, or when it is onl}^ in the stage of uncer- 

 tainty or doubt, and is not uttered as a flat denial. Le composes the inter- 

 rogative particle lish, the verb hlki it is gone, lewe-ula, and several other 

 terms to be found in the List of Prefixes and in the Dictionary. Cf. also 

 le wak, ka-i wak, on page 458 and in the Dictionary. 



le nu ak gena / do not expect to go. 



le nil wak I am uncertain; I do not knoiv. 



le wt^-ula a n'sh sha theg do not alloiv it to me ; cf. 23, 9. 



pi hunk nen ak le kepka he says he donH want to come. 



In the negative sentence the position of the words is the same as in the 

 declarative sentence, le and ka-i preceding the verb. In the negative ques- 

 tions the interrogative particle leads the sentence : wak gi hu ka-i gepk ? 

 tvhy does he not come f 



G. — The interrogative sentence. 



In the interrogative sentence the query is put either directly or indi- 

 rectly. In the language of which we treat the position of words in the 

 direct question does not differ from their position in the indirect question. 

 Indirect questions form here as elsewhere incident clauses dependent upon 

 the finite verb of a principal sentence, and hence follow the structure of the 

 incident clause ; of this a later chapter will treat. Thus we will have to 

 deal here with the form of the direct question only. 



