LIST OF PARTICLES. 651 



of course^ as you see; it conveys the idea that an act or state is visible or 

 perceptible to somebody or to all in its process or through its effects, or can 

 be observed at the time being. It always refers to the verb, not to the 

 object or any other word of tlie sentence, conveys emphasis, and brings on 

 a higher pitch to the whole sentence. Hence it often stands in interroga- 

 tive sentences when the interrogative pronoun or particle lieads the sen- 

 tence; also in exclamatory phrases. As a rule it holds the second place in 

 a proposition, and the enlarged form haitch, though more impressive and 

 emphatic, does not differ from liai as to its position. It may be stated tliat 

 hai, haitch refer to the sense of vision in the same manner as mat and nen 

 refer to the sense of hearing. Examples : 



at kai kapata wa'hlaks hid evidently they landed ivhile heing ivatchcd (Mod.). 



gena ai sha they have gone, as I have seen. 



hu kai at gena ! the>x' he goes now ! 



leshma ai 1' nalsh certainly you ivill not discover us, 121, 10. 



Meacham kai hu pipa ftpa Meacham openly laid down the document, 34, 6. 



'mii'tch xai nish shishul%a the old man tvrestled ivith me (Mod.). 



shlii'wish a-i nish wilhua the wind Uows at me (you and I feel it), 155 ; 



25. Cf 165; G. 171; 71. 

 tidsh kai nu hushlta / am in good health, as you see. 

 tu'sh hai at tataksni wawatawa where the children sat outside the lodge, 



as seen previously, 121, 7. 

 uk hai la gen, nitu ^ai nuk tchui tcliek u hu kt gi ! certainly, this time I 



reasonably suppose that it is himself! (Mod.) 

 welwash kai nish palalla my spring has run dry, I perceive, \1?>; 4. 



Connected with other particles, hai, ai appears in tchawai now then, 

 from tcha-u hai; wakaf ? ivhyf from wak hai. Mod. I'lk'hai. 

 The enlarged form, liaitch or aitch, occurs in : 



kiini haitch hut gi f who is he or she f 



tata mantch haitch huk hishuaksh ma'sha! how long was this man sick f 



(viz., how long did you see him to be sick 1) 

 tua haitch hiit gif what is thatf 

 tushtal haitch slia gc'na ? tvhicli. wag did yon see them gof 



