THE COMrODND SENTENCE. 657 



the S5'nthetic character of these languages militates against an uulimited 

 use of incident clauses, the structure of which is not so developed nor so 

 intricate as in our tongues. Hence our subject-, object-, and attribute- 

 clause is in Klamath mostly rendered by a jiarticiple or by a verbal, and 

 this gives to the sentence an eminently synthetic (either adjectival or ad- 

 verbial) turn. Incorporative locutions also replace some of our incident 

 clauses, whereas the comparative, superlative, and minuitive of our adjec- 

 tive, sometimes of our adverb also, usually have to be expressed by two sen- 

 tences, which are usually co-ordinate and not subordinate to each other. 



As will be seen by the introductory words and the list in the article 

 "Conjunction," pages 556 sqq., the language has a considerable number of 

 conjunctions introducing incident clauses, some of which are found in prin- 

 cipal clauses as well. But our ivhile, when, offer, because, for can be ren- 

 dered by Klamath conjunctions in rare instances only; there are verbals 

 in the language Avhich are intended especially for the expression of these. 

 No particle in Klamath corresponds exactly to our and, hit, lioivevcr, though, 

 then; but there are expedients to express the ideas contained in these par- 

 ticles as clearly as we can express them. Some of the conjunctions do not 

 stand at the head of the sentence. 



When verbals are found in texts where we have to employ incident 

 clauses with a finite verb, their subject usually stands in the objective case, 

 a mode of synthesis which strikingly resembles the acciisativus cum infinitivo 

 construction of Latin. The use of the verbal indefijiite \\\ -sht corresponds 

 in many instances to the ahlativus absolutus of Latin and the gcnetiviis ahso- 

 lutus of Greek, since in both the subject has to differ from the subject of the 

 principal clause and the verb is not a finite verb. As far as syntax is con- 

 cerned, probably no parts of Klamath speech ofier more analogies to Latin 

 and Greek grammar than the verbals and participles. 



Correlative sentences consist of antecedent and consequent clauses 

 introduced by pronouns or particles corresponding to each other in their 

 signification, and therefore called correlatives. Disjunctive words used for 

 this purpose are: the one, (lie other; on one side, on the other side; either, or; 

 where, there; when, then; etc. One of the two sentences, generally the ante- 

 cedent or the one first in order, is subordinate to the other, but in Klamath 

 42 



