664 GEAMMAll OF THE KLAMATH LANGUAGE. 



Leme-ish gakua shle'dshuk, Skc'laintchash tamiVdsli ktansliisht one of 

 the Thunders crossed over to observe whether Old Marten was asleep 

 (or not), 113, 15; cf. 122, 3. 4. 



vu'la Shu'kamtcliasli, tarn tatakiasli slile'sht? she asked Old Crane 

 tvhether he had seen the children, 122, 18. 



wak gi hii ka-i gcpk 1 tvhat is it, that he does not come f 



What is called in Latin syntax oratio ohliqua, viz,, the paraphrasing of 

 the verbatim quotation of Avhat has been said or written into the form of a 

 dependent clause, also exists to a certain extent in Klamath syntax, and in 

 its structure comes as near as possible to the "indirect question." Perhaps 

 more frequently than this, it is expressed by verbals, and in our printed 

 texts the informants avoided this form as much as possible, preferring the 

 oratio recta, or verbatim quotation of spoken words. All sentences intro- 

 duced by gishApa, ksluipa to declare, to say so, are also worded in the oratio 

 ohliqua; cf. Dictionary. 



hemkanka nanuk maklaks : at nanuk tchekeli vumi' p'nalam shellua- 

 luish all the tribes declared, that now all blood is buried of their former 

 ficihts, 54, 18; p'nalam instead of nalam in oratio recta. 



sha'tela hunk snawedshash: maklaks gatpantki, shu-utanktgi pi'sh 

 giiiga maklaks; shapiya, maklrdcshash wushmush shiukicstka he 

 instructed this ivoman (to say) that the Indians shoidd come, that he 

 tvanted to meet the Indians in council; he announced that he would 

 kill an ox for the Indians, 13, 12. 13. Cf. 43, 22. 



Toby hemkanka: "ka-i huhatchantgi," Tobr/ shouted that they should not 

 run, 54, 8. 



By the oral particle nen, ne words are introduced which were spoken 

 by others, and therefore sentences with nen form a substitute for the oratio 

 ohliqua of European languages. This may be said also of many sentences 

 embodying the particle mat. Cf mat and nen, pages 052-654. 



IXOORrORATIOK 



I'have relegated this important topic to the close of the syntactic por- 

 tion because incorporation is a general feature, and pervades to some extent 



