080 GEAMMAR OP THE KLA.MATH LANGUAGE. 



of wordfl tollowing in immediate succession other terminals are lost in laki 

 ti)r liikiasli ///(; chiej] 44, 2 ; lalaki for lalakiasli chiefs, 90, 1 ; shitk, sit for 

 shitko alike, tiii'maiit humjry for tiii'niantko, pan up to for pani, tugslitakni 

 coming from the opposite side for tugshtalakni, mi'iatch, obj. case of muni 

 large, for raunish, kitclik little for kitchkiini ; the endings -atch and -dtch 

 for -(')tkish, as in slii'imaluatcli, cf pages 325. 3(i;). In its abbreviated form 

 tnpaksli, the word tu[)akship i/onnger sister is more frequent than in the full 

 form. 



The pronouns kat irho, kani ? whof what kind off are frequently abbre- 

 viated into ka, ga ; so are also the ailverbs ka-a greatlg, kank so much, and 

 the abbreviation ta may represent either tala merely, hut, or tala then in wak 

 ta giug h'vv then? whg thenf or tata, tat where, ivhereto: ta lish giempka if 

 ^vhere did you go to f 



SYNTAX. 



In rapid conversation two or three words often coalesce so closely to- 

 gether as to be pronounced as one only; tliis chiefly occurs with enclitic 

 and other short words when united to words which preserve the accent. 

 Thus ndn ak becomes nak, ktupka-matr ktiipkam, ha nen : hann, ge-ishtka 

 gi \mi let us depart : kishtkak, inuhuashkapk' i, 139, (J: inuhuashkpak. The 

 enclitic pronouns appearing in pallansli for palla nish, ne-ulapkam'shni for 

 nci-ulapka mish ni, tchiyash ambu for tcliiya i ish ambu, tchiimluk for tchii 

 malash lik, and other sentences like these implying the use of object pro- 

 nouns have been mentioned repeatedly; cf pages 232. 240-242. 419. 430. 

 and "Pronouns." The verb gi in its different functions loses its vowel and 

 becomes agglutinated to the preceding word: nA-ashtg, Mod. nd-ashtg; 

 la'pik for lapi gi ; ka-i n' gi'tkik m's pila not to goii alone I tell to do it, 61, 4, 

 and Note; katak to tell the truth for katak gi ; cf page 242. Tlie frequent 

 and unnecessary repetition of the personal pronouns ni or nil, i, nat or na, 

 etc., is also characteristic for the conversational form of language, and is 

 found in the coni'urers' songs as well. 



Apocope is of frequent occurrence in compound word.s, and since I 

 have treated of these in the syntactic part, and also under the heading of 

 incorporation, a, short mention of them will suflice here. It is tlic (pialify- 



