684 GRAMMAR OF THE KLAMATH LANGUAGE. 



Dissimdatmi in tlic itenitively re(Ui[)licated adjectives, all eiuliiiif- in li, 

 as described on pa<^e 234, is observed much less in the southern than in the 

 northern dialect. 



Tn the consonantic sounds of the Klamath language s-, sh-, si-, shl-, 

 when initial, are oftener replaced by ts-, tch-, tsl-, tchl- in the Modoc than 

 in xhv Klamath Lake dialect, where this is considered as a corruption ; 

 tchka for shka it blows hnnl or cold, tchkel for shkel marten, ts;fule for shkule 

 Idih, tchleyannia for shle3'annia to hold something soft in hand, tchpal for 

 spal ocher. Cf pages 2!»(;. 297. 



Modoc redoubles / in a few words like kellak heinff without, kalliu fur- 

 mantlc, where Klamath Lake has keliak, kailiu. 



In a very limited number of terms Modoc has I where Klamath Lake 

 shows n; cf hesheliota to barter. Mod. sheniuta; kintchna to go single file, 

 Mod. kildshna. Cf. shnuntatka (below). 



Another change, already referred to on page 230, is the substitution 

 of the arrested sound - for the lingual k in Modoc only, which disappears 

 in the following terms, e. g. : '6ga for koga to bite; 'u'hpa, VSpa for k('»pa to 

 think; 'uxpash for k6%pash thought ; 'u'hli for ku'hli to enter, creep into ; '6ke 

 for koke river, creek; 'olkoli for kolkoli, kulkuli round, globiform; 'o'sh for 

 ko'sli, ku'sh jntch-pine. When k is a final sound, or stands within the word, 

 it is not dropped ; and even when k and g are pronounced, the arrested 

 sound is always heard after them; cf. pages 216. 226 



MORPHOLOGIC DIB^FERENCES 



A few slight differences between the two dialects occur in the forma- 

 tion of the distributive reduplication, which have been alluded to under 

 that heading. 



A difference in the prefix is noticed in the verbs kpuli to drive into, 

 kpu'l;(a to expel, kpiitcha to oust, drive aid, etc., where Modoc h;is tpuli, 

 tpnl^a, tputcha, or tpudsha. All these forms are used when the act of driv- 

 ing refers to a feiv (not many) objects ; cf. page 436. In both dialects the 

 prefix u- may also be pronounced vu-, wu-, q. v. 



More difference is observable in derivational suffixation. The Modoc 

 verbal suffix -I is in some instances replaced by -a in the northern dialect- 



