68G • GKAMMAK OF THE KLAMATH LANGUAGE. 



LEXICAL DIFI'KKENCES. 



The number of Modoc words differing in radicals, in derivation, or in 

 sound from their equivalents in the northern dialect is considerable, as may 

 be gathered from a short inspection of the Dictionary. I have therefore 

 compiled a specimen list of lexical differences, including only representative 

 vocables from the Dictionary and from information obtained lately, and 

 placing the Modoc term with letter M. after the Klamath Lake term. With 

 the exception of a few, the Modoc terms are readily understood by their 

 congeners on Upper Klamath Lake, but some are not in actual use among 

 them, or, if they are, they have adopted a signification differing materially 

 or slightly from theirs. The Modocs have adopted more terms from the 

 Sliasti language than the Klamath Lake Indians, and these more terms 

 from Chinook jargon than the Modocs. Among the terms of relationship 

 some differ in the formation of the distributive form and also in their mean- 

 ings. Some of the Modoc terms were entirely unknown to my Klamath 

 Lake informants, as kalm6moks (jlowworm, kshita to escape^ and its causa- 

 tive shnekshita; lumk(')ka to take a steam hath, tikesh eJaij, loam, tchatchakma 

 hase is forming, tchiptchima to drizzle clown in atoms. 



c'pka to hrinrf, haul, carry to; M. ftpa. 



hesha to send away; M. shnl'dsha. 



hi'ishka, hnshkanka to think, reflect; M. k()pa; hiishkanksh thouffht; M. 

 k<'>;fpash, 'li'hpash. 



hushtanka to go and meet somebody; M. shu-utanka. 



I'sha, ilktcha, p'nana to bury, to dispose of the dead by interment or cre- 

 mation ; M. ilktcha, vumi ; Kl. use vumf only for caching provi- 

 sions, etc. 



ka-ishna to close an opening, doorflap, door ; M. shla-uki. 



kajika little pitch-pine tree; M. kuga, dim. of kd'sh ^^me. 



katak truly and to tell the truth; M. kana, katak, katchan truly, surely ; 

 kiina tche'k certainly. 



ke, kl thus, so, in this strain; M. ki'e, ke. 



kla'dsh dry, rocky land, table land; M. kna't. 



k'k'ka to reach, to die; M. often pronounces: krdaka, kalaka. 



