ROOTS AND DERIVATIVES. 709 



the radix appears in ptilla to steal, purloin, in Modoc also palna, to wliicli we 

 may compare English terms like "to lift cattle," "shoplifter;" palak, Modoc 

 pelak quicMy, rapidly, implying a rapid lifting of the feet, palakmalank at a 

 rapid (/ait. The suffix -peli, -pli, -bli is a form not derived from p'lai, bnt 

 sprung from the pronominal pi directly, as a form parallel to jj'laf, and from 

 this came pipelangshta on both sides. Pil, pila on him, on her has to be dis- 

 tinguished from pil, pila only, hut, merely, and from the former p'lu fat, 

 grease, seems derived, together with pilui to smell, v. intr., piluyd-ash emitting 

 smell or stink, ship'lkanka (and shipalkanka) to go about stinking, p'lin to 

 become fat, p'litko fat, adj., shnipelan to fatten. 



Pui to cut into strips or fringes forms a basis which has been quite fer- 

 tile in all sorts of derivatives. The radix pu- points to a separation or cut- 

 ting asunder so as to cause divergence below. We meet it in the noun: 

 pu'sh whorl, as seen on the cat-tail, etc., and in its derivatives pu'shak bunch 

 of pine-needles, pii'sh^am tirig of conifers. Pu'isli is & fringe, leather fringe 

 when loose ; after being fastened to the garment it is called puitlantchish ; 

 puash a flour-sack made of cloth. Puke wish set of fringes, fringe of a skin 

 garment, strap and leather belongs to the same radix pu-, which refers as 

 well to the diverging of the legs in the human and animal body, as may 

 be gathered from terms like pu'shaklish ptart of leg between hip and knee, 

 spiiya. Mod., to stretch the legs, piitchka to part the legs or feet and pii'tchta, 

 hushpu't;^a to touch with the feet, spiitchta and hushpatchta to frighten, scare, 

 lit. "to make the legs part;" piitchkanka to move the legs quickly and to hold 

 them apart. Very probably pe'tch foot (and leg with smaller animals) is 

 of the same radix, though the change of the vowel is not quite plain ; cf. 

 shepatchtila to place the legs under oneself, and spiega to help up another on 

 his legs. Another prefix occurs in I'bu'ka (for Ipil'ka) to lie on the ground, 

 said of round subjects, as roots, bulbs, etc. 



Trap stalk, stem of plant, maize-stalk appears as -kap in its compounds 

 and derivatives, t- being the prefix indicating upright position of one sub- 

 ject. Tka-, tga- also forms the radix in the verbs of standing when the 

 subject is in the singular number. Kjip as a base or stem in the sense of 

 stick or pole is found in yankapshtia and kmakapshti to place into an opening 

 and to bar an entrance with some long object, as a stick. For stalM and 



