24 



DICTIONARY OF INDIANS. 



Illinois. — Continued. 



not prone to separate from his wife 

 after children were born to them ; in 

 case of sc])aration the children re- 

 mained with the mother. It was not 

 the custom of the Illinois at the time 

 the whites first became acquainted 

 with them to bury their dead. The 

 body was wrapj^ed in skins and at- 

 tached by the feet and head to trees. 

 There is reason, however, to believe, 

 from discoveries which have been 

 made in mounds and ancient graves, 

 which appear to be attributable to 

 some of the Illinois tribes, that the 

 skeletons, after the flesh had rotted 

 away, were buried, often in rtide 

 stone sepulchers; and that after they 

 had been in contact with the whites 

 for some time, probably through the 

 influence of the missionaries, inhuma- 

 tion became the tisual custom. The 

 prisoners they captured in war were 

 usually sold to other tribes. Little is 

 known in regard to their religious be- 

 liefs. The Peoria declared to Gravier 

 that all of man died; that if the 

 spirit survived they would see the 

 dead rettirn to earth. 



According to Hennepin the cabins 

 of the more northern tribes were 

 made like long arbors and covered 

 with double mats of flat flags, or 

 rushes, so well sewed that they were 

 never penetrated by wind, snow, or 

 rain. To each cabin were four or five 

 fires, and to each fire two families, 

 indicating that each dwelling housed 

 some eight or ten families. Their 

 towns were not inclosed. 



All accounts agree that the Illinois 

 when first known were numerous and 

 powerful, but the early estimates of 

 their population are too vagvie to be 

 reliable. It is probable that the ear- 

 lier writers classed with the Illinois 

 many bands afterward recognized as 

 distinct tribes. This would account 

 in some measure for the exaggerated 

 accounts of their early numbers. Hen- 

 nepin estimated them about 1680 at 

 400 houses and 1800 warriors, or 

 about 7000 souls. The constant wars 

 waged against them by other tribes, 

 and the vices introduced by the 

 French, rapidly reduced them, but 

 about the year 1750 they were still 

 estimated at from 1500 to 2000 souls. 

 They were practically exterminated 

 by the war following the death of 

 Pontiac, and in 1800 there were only 

 about 150 left. In 1885 the consoli- 

 dated Peoria, Kaskaskia, Wea, and 

 Piankashaw numbered but 149, and 

 even these are much mixed with 

 white blood. The subsequent history 



of the tribes is noticed under their 

 respective names, as above given. 



The villages of the confederacy 

 noted in history are: Cahokia (mis- 

 sion). Immaculate Conception, Kas- 

 kaskia, Matchinkoa, Moingwena, Mo- 

 sopelea, Peoria, Pimitoui. (j.M. ex.) 



Abimiouec. — Document of 1660, in Margry, 



Decouvertes, i, 54, 1875. (b should be /.) 

 AbimiSec. — Jesuit Relations, 12, 1660. (b 

 should be /. It is corrected in the errata, but 

 the incorrect form is followed in Margry.) 

 Alimouek. — ^Ibid., 21, 1667. 

 Alimouk. — Ibid., iii, index, 1858. 

 Aliniouek. — Ibid., 21, 1658. 

 AliniSek. — Ibid., 12, 1O60. (Correction in 



errata.) 

 Alinouecks. — Coxe, Carolana, 19, 1741. 

 Atlinouecks. — Ibid., 49. 

 Chichigoueks. — La Potherie, Hist. Ain., 11, 40, 



I 7 5 ,1 • 

 Chicktaghicks. — Colden (1727), Five Nations, 



,iO, 1747- 

 Chictaghicks. — Sinith in Williams, Vermont, I, 



501, 1800. (Iroquois name.) 

 Chigtaghcicks. — Colden (1727), Five Nations, 



r-.i. 1747. 

 Chiktachiks. — Homann, map, 1756. 

 Eriniouai. — Jesuit Relations, 35, 1640. 

 Eriniwek. — Ibid., in. index, 1858. 

 Geghdageghroano. — Post (1758) in Prou.l, Pa., 



II, app., 1 1.^, 1798. 

 Geghtigeghroones. — Canajoharie conf. (1759) 



in N. Y. Doc. Col. Hist., vii, 384, 1856. 

 Hilini. — Brinton, Lenape Leg., 213, 1885. 

 Hiliniki. — Rafinesque. Am. Nations, I, 139, 



1S36. (Delaware name.) 

 Ilimouek. — Jesuit Relations, loi, 1670. 

 Iline. — Hervas (1785) in Vater, Mith., pt. 3, sec. 



3, 347, tSi6. (Italian form.) 

 Ilinese. — La Hontan, New Voy., i, 217, 1703. 

 Ilinesen. — Walch, map, 1805. (German form.) 

 Uinioiiek. — Jesuit Relations, 19, 1667. 

 Ilinois. — Ibid., 86, 1670. 

 Ilinoiiets. — Ibid., 93, 1670. 

 Ilinoiietz. — Ibid., lor, 1670. 

 Ilionois. — Proud, Pa., 11, 296, 1798. 

 Illenois. — Morse, North Am., map, 1776. 

 Illenonecks. — Ibid., 255. 

 IlHcoueck. — Coxe. Carolana, 17, 1741. 

 Illimoiiec. — Jesuit Relations, 21, 1667. 

 Illinese. — Hennepin, Cont. of New Disc, 88, 



1698. 

 Ulinesen. — ^Vater, Mith., pt. 3, sec. 3, 3.11, 1S16. 



(German form.) 

 Il-li-ni. — Hough in Indiana Geol. Rept., map, 



1883. 

 Illiniens. — Hennepin, Cont. of New Disc, 45b, 



1698. 

 Illiniwek. — Shea, Cath. Miss., 348, 1855. 

 Illinoias. — Niles (1761 ?) in Mass. Hist. Soc Coll., 



4th ser., V, 541, 1 86 1. 

 Illinois. — Prise de Possession (1671) in Margry, 



Decouvertes, I, 96, 1875. 

 Illinoix. — Brackenridge, La., 132, 1815. 

 Illinonecks. — -Morse, North Am., 253, 1776. 

 lUinoneeks. — Document of 17 19 in N. C. Rec, 



11, 351, i886. 

 lUinouecks. — Coxe, Carolana, 49, 1741. 

 lUonese. — Schermerhorn (1S12) in Mass. Hist. 



Soc. Coll., 2d ser., 11, 3, 1814. 

 Ilionois. — Campbell (1761) in ibid., 4th ser., ix, 



423, 1 871. 

 Illuni. — -Allouez (1665) fide Ramsey in Ini. Aff. 



Rept., 71, 1849-50. 

 Irinions. — Jesuit Relations, 97, 1642. 

 Isle aux Noix. — Lapham, Ind's of Wis., 4, 1S70. 

 (" Walnut island" ; a form used by some au- 

 thor, who probably mistook Illinois for a cor- 

 rupted French word.) 

 Islinois. — La Salle (1680) in Margry, Decou- 

 vertes, II, ^1,, 1877. 

 Kichtages. — Maryland treaty (1682) in N. Y. 

 Doc. Col. Hist., Ill, 32s, 1853. 



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