38 



Local uaiiies : 

 Hudsiinu at Hood's Bay aud Hooclienu Eaiiids. 

 Ahk ou Frederick Sound. 

 Keltk ou Frederick Souud. 

 Eklikheeno, Chatham Strait. 

 Ku'iu near Cape Decision. 

 Henneega ou Prince of Wales Island. 

 Tonigass uear Fort Tomgass or Tougass. 

 Silka-ku:an at Sitka ou Norfolk Souud. 



These names m.ay require some revisiou hereafter, except the last. 



These people inhabit Baranoff Island and its vicinity, Chichagoff, 

 Admiralty, Kuiii, Kuprianoff, and Prince of Wales Islands (the latter only' 

 in jjait), and the archipelago, of which these form a part. They are among 

 the best known of the NoitliAvest American tribes, and information in rela- 

 tion to them may be found in the works referred to under the head of 

 T'linkets. The nickname of Koloshes, which has been extensively applied 

 to them, arises, according to some authorities, from a Russian word meaning 

 to pierce, in allusion to the perforations made for labrets in the lips of the 

 women, and is asserted by others to be derived from "kalushka", a Russian 

 word, meaning a little trough, in allusion to the trough-like shape of tlie 

 labrets themselves. The latter would seem to be the more probable deriva- 

 tion, as the custom of piercing the lip was common among tribes familiarly 

 known to the Russians before they met the T'linkets; while no North 

 American tribe in historic times has worn any labret at all comparable, in 

 size and grotesque appearance, to the kalushka. The latter would have 

 struck the observer at once as a remarkable ornament, and was therefore 

 more likely to be remembered and spoken frequently of in referring to these 

 people. The Sitka-kwan have numerous large villages with large houses, 

 often ornamented with carvings, and capable of standing quite a siege. 

 They are a fierce and independent people, and of late years much demor- 

 alized from the use of alcoholic stimulants, which they have even learned 

 to distil from molasses for themselves. 



STAKHIN'-KWAN. 



These are a T'linket tribe, little differentiated from the last, occupying 

 the mainland near the mouth of the Stikine River (a corruption of Stakhin). 

 They consider themselves distinct from the Sitkans, and the two tribes have 



