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larger". Their usual color is white. The wool is obtained from the hunt- 

 ing tribes next to the Cascade Mountains, and is an article of trade. The 

 two being mixed are twisted into yarns by rolling upon the thigh, and the 

 warp is formed by stretching these singly over a frame, tying the ends 

 together. The woof is then passed through with a long wooden needle. 

 The Klallam and Sound Indians do not make much use of colors in orna- 

 menting their blankets, but those farther north introduce quite complicated 

 figures of several colors. Another kind of robe, usually square and worn 

 over the shoulders, is made by twisting in with the hair or wool the down 

 of sea-birds, the whole being hand-woven in the same way as the last. This 

 makes a very thick and warm stuff". The Makah alone manufacture the 

 cedar-bark into texture suitable for weaving. For this purpose, the inner 

 bark is selected, boiled or macerated, and then pounded and hatcheled out. 

 The bark is made to fonn the warp; the woof being made of grass thread. 

 This stuff" is pliable, and makes a convenient outer garment. Very pretty 

 capes, edged with the sea-otter skin, are made of it. This tribe also are the 

 principal manufacturers of the cedar mats, which are used on the Sovmd. 

 These are entirely of bark, formed into narrow strips, and woven on the 

 floor. They are thin and perfectly even in texture. The other tribes em- 

 ploy for mats two kinds of rushes, the flat or common cat-tail, and the round or 

 tulc. These are used for a great variety of purposes, as to line their canoes, 

 for beds, covering for goods, temporary huts, &c. In fact, an Indian's roll 

 of mats is his constant traveling companion. Of baskets, they make, or 

 rather did make until lately, an almost endless variety, many of them of 

 beautiful texture, tasteful shape, and ornamented with colored figures. 

 Some were used as pails, and even to boil in, being filled with Avater, and 

 heated stones thrown in. Cups, dishes, and platters were carved from Avood 

 by the Makah in a very neat manner. Large boAvls, holding over a quart, 

 Avere made from the horns of the big-horned sheep, and spoons from that 

 material and those of the mountain-goat. These last articles probably came 

 from the north, but found their way, in the course of trade, for doAvn the 

 coast, and even into California. The nets and seines, manufactured from 

 the grass imported from beyond the Cascade Mountains, deserve mention 

 as very Avell made, tlie twine being yjerfectly even and Avell twisted. The 



