Rosaceæ. 



107 



largely developed. Otherwise, the structure of both the 

 rhizomes and the stems is practically similar to that in A. 

 alpina and A. færøensis. 



The anatomy of the leaves (Fig. 40) is the same in all 

 these three species, and closely resembles that of the two 

 .species mentioned above; the leaves are, however, somewhat 

 more mesomorphic than those in A. alpina. The upper surface 

 of the leaf is glabrous, or in A. glomerulans slightly hairy, the 

 lower surface is slightly hairy. The outer wall of the epidermis 



F v 

 Fig. 40. Alchimilla vulgaris. 



A. ylomeridans. A, Transverse section of leaf. C, Epidermis of the lower surface of the 

 leaf. E, Section of spongy parenchyma parallel to the surface. — A. minor. B. Epidermis 

 of the upper surface of the leaf. V, Section of spongy parenchyma parallel to the surface. 

 -- A. acutidens. F, Stoma from the epidermis of the lower surface of the leaf (A, about 

 "7i; B, C. D and E, about ,00 /,; F. about u %; A, C and E from West Greenland, 11 and 

 O from Dr. Louises <> in Bast Greenland, F from Eskefjord in East Iceland). 



of the upper surface is about 2 p. thick; the radial walls are 

 slightly undulating. Stomata occur scattered upon the upper 

 surface and, as upon the lower, they are situated below the level 

 of the surface and on an average somewhat more so than is the 

 case in the two species of the Alp i ««.-group (Fig. 40^4). The 

 radial walls of the lower epidermis are somewhat more strongly 

 undulating than those of the upper. A layer of well-marked 

 palisade-cells occur and sometimes another layer consisting 

 of more irregularly formed cells. Leist records only one 

 layer of palisade-cells. The proportion between the leaf- 



