134 Carsten Olsen. 



the stem is yet fresh; towards the winter it dies, but 

 can very well remain standing in a withered state for se- 

 veral years. The winter buds are located near the surface 

 of the ground, and the plant is thus, as regards its life habit, 

 a hemikryptophyte. Buds are formed in the axis of the 

 foliage leaves, which however are very small, and as a rule 

 only the buds of the uppermost pair of foliage leaves de- 

 velop; at the time of flowering they are only small, but 

 during the summer they develop into large side branches. I 

 have noticed a Danish specimen, not flowering, where all 

 the buds of the foliage leaves were developed, with the excep- 

 tion of the lowest pair. 



The leaf is ovate and sessile, with two or three veins 

 diverging from each side of the midrib, near its base. On 

 arctic specimens the uppermost pair of leaves (100 specimens 

 were measured), had an average length of 19 mm, the 

 average width being 12 mm. On Danish specimens, however, 

 the average length was 28 mm with an average width of 

 17 mm, 100 specimens also being measured in this case. 

 The leaves of the Danish specimens thus distinguish them- 

 selves by being considerably larger than those from the 

 Arctic. 



The seedlings have been described by Sylvén; the 

 cotyledons are shortstalked, ovate-lanceolate, about 7 mm long. 

 The primary root is strongly ramificated, and the devel- 

 opment of the adventitious roots seems only to take place 

 during the second period of growth; only few internodes 

 are formed on the aerial shoot during the first year. The 

 hibernation takes place by means of buds in the axis of 

 the cotyledons, which next year develop into new aerial 

 shoots, and the formation of runners only commences several 

 years later. 



In Greenland the flowering takes place in July and 

 August. The inflorescence is a head-like or umbelliforme 



