Caryophyllaceæ. 



283 



they were doubtless male flowers, all the leaf-whorls of 

 which were formed, also that of the pistil (Fig. 25, the small 

 figure to the left). For further particulars, see explanation 

 of the figure. On material from South Greenland, gathered on 

 Aug. 29th, I also found buds which enclosed flowers for the 

 next year. That flowers buried in the snow, on the melting 

 of the latter in the ensuing year, sometimes emerge "as 

 fresh to look at as newly expanded", is evident from what 

 e. g. Lundager writes (1912) about Cerastium alpinum 

 found in N. E. Green- 

 land, May 23rd, 1908 

 (loc. cit. p. 409). 



In "Botanisk For- 

 enings Festskrift" (Co- 

 penhagen, 1890), I 

 published a series of 

 notes on the flower- 

 biology of the Arctic 

 and Danish Caryo- 

 phyllaceæ, accompa- 

 nied by 29 figures. 

 These notes, which 

 were written in Da- 

 nish, without any Resumé in a universally current Euro- 

 pean language, appear to me to have remained almost 

 unknown. I have, therefore, no hesitation in reprinting here 

 such parts of them as concern Arctic species. My notes are 

 based, for the most part, on observations made in the field 

 in northern countries, and afterwards supplemented by 

 studies made on material preserved in alcohol. 



I had been hoping to find some contribution towards 

 the elucidation of the nature of gynodioecism, but this 



Fig. 25. Silène acaulis. 

 Young bud, highly magnified and made 

 transparent, so that through the sepals 

 (s — s), drawn with continuous lines, the 

 calyx-stamens (sst), the petals (p) and the 

 stamens (pst) placed opposite to them 

 are seen. The pistil is in the middle; it 

 is at the stage of development shown in 

 the small figure. From Upernivik, 10. 5. 



1887; C.Ryder. (E. W.) 



