310 Eve. Warming. 



and I have seen pollen-grains retained, but not germinating, 

 on the stigmas of a Greenland specimen, the cal.-anth. of 

 which were on the point of opening. 



Fruit is set in Greenland, as it seems regularly and 

 abundantly, at least as far as 70°— 71° N. lat. 



Norway (for instance Altenfjord, about 70° N. lat.). 

 Gynodioecism. 



£: Slight protandry, as the cal.-st. bend inwards towards 

 the middle of the flower and open their anthers over the 

 still unripe styles; or homogamy and self-pollination; the 

 anthers may be found full of pollen at the same time as 

 there is germinating pollen upon the stigmas, and they may 

 be found in contact with the latter. It is possible that proto- 

 gyny also occurs. 



$: All the anthers abortive, but in various degree; they 

 may be found to be shrunken; brownish, without any pollen 

 -at all, but with indications of the four pollen-sacs, as there 

 is a transverse fold in each half (Fig. F, f 1 ). $ = £ as regards 

 size, but the stigmatic papillæ in $ appear to be constantly 

 longer than in g (Fig. / 2 and c 1 ), and perhaps the pistil is, 

 on the whole, somewhat larger, but this I have not measured 

 precisely. A young fruit and a seed is shown in Fig. G and 

 H. — Lindman finds that they correspond with those of 

 the Alps. 



Spitzbergen. Appear to agree with Greenland speci- 

 mens, but the flowers appear to be smaller (sepals S 1 ^ and 

 petals 4 1 / 2 mm). In the specimens from Spitzbergen the 

 anthers were on the point of opening even in the bud, and 

 scarcely has the flower expanded, when the anthers dehisce. 

 — Sets ripe seeds. 



18. Minuartia stricta (Sw.) Hiern. 

 Greenland. The plant evidently sets ripe fruit regu- 

 larly, at least as far as 70°— 71° N. lat. 



