Caryophyllaceæ. 



319 



rent, thin and devoid of fibrous cells, but may however 

 attain a length of 2 — 3 mm (Fig. E, F) ; or they may be 

 fairly normal, have fibrous cells, and well-developed, but 

 useless pollen-grains, as in the intermediate forms (Fig. c 1 ). 



Fig. 38. Viscaria alpina. 

 A — H, from Greenland; J — K, from Norway (Altenfjord; about 70° 

 N. lat.). — A, 8 in its second stage; a 1 normal pollen-grains. B, Ö. 

 with protogyny; cal.-st. have become outspread, but only one anther 

 has opened. C, £, with only one normal anther; in all the others the 

 pollen-grains are small and abnormal (c 1 ). D, $, with fairly normal 

 anthers, but the pollen is worthless. The styles are withered ; the ovary 

 is evidently swollen. E and F, $ with transparent anthers. G, $ in 

 a bud; the styles are already protruding. H, Stigmatic papillæ of y. 

 J, i 1 , i 2 (ovules) and i* from $. K, k\ k' z (ovules) and F from £. (E. W.) 



21* 



