23 
are unable to perform their functions for more than two, or at 
the most three, years. In exposed, dry situations the older 
leaves often become quite colourless. 
The flowers occur singly at the apex of the branches, and 
are drooping (Fig. 13). The leaves at the base of the peduncles 
are shorter and broader, and more scale-like than the usual 
foliage-leaves (Fig. 14 Fi. The flowers are formed in the bud 
during the year previous to that in which they expand (Fig. 14 B). 
The calyx and peduncle are deep-red in colour. 
The bell-shaped corolla is white with purple teeth and is 
widely expanded, hence no hairs 
occur upon its interior (Fig. 15). 
Above their slender bases the 
filaments become very thick (being 
broader than those in C. tetragona), 
and are covered with small pointed 
warts (Fig. 15 Fj; they stand close 
to the ovary, with their long, hairy 
appendages directed straight out- 
wards (Fig. 15 A. Bj. The pores 
are elongated (Fig. 15 E, Fy; at 
first they turn downwards, after- 
Fig. 13. Cassiope hypnoides. 
Part of a plant: 7/1. (E.W., 1885). 
wards upwards (consequently in 
the drooping flower downwards). 
Lixpuax points out that the appendages must be shaken before 
the pollen (Fig. 14 C) can be shed. 
The style is conical and very thick at the base (Fig. 15 C). 
The carpels are antipetalous, and the flower is obdiploste- 
monous. 
In the material from Greenland the apex of the style is 
evenly rounded off so that the stigma is not very prominent 
(Fig. 14 E; Fig. 15. A, Cı. Lixpwax and Exstam found the latter 
to be more distinct, occurring as a flat, somewhat rough disk. 
The flower is homogamous or perhaps protandrous for a 
