26 
The growth ofthe stem is monopodial, the flowers occurring 
singly in the axils of leaves (Figs. 16, 17), the lateral branches 
are few in number, being developed generally from the basal 
parts of the year’s shoots, and especially below floral year’s-shoots 
(Fig. 16 G); they often arise from the axils of opposite leaves and 
are therefore themselves opposite (Fig. 17 C). The limits of 
each year’s growth are not distinctly marked, scale-leaves being 
absent from the winter buds (Fig. 16 A, E), but the year’s 
Fig. 16. Cassiope tetragona. (From West Greenland.) 
A, Apical part of a branch (Upernivik; July 30. 1887). B, Transverse section of a branch 
shewing the decussate position of the leaves. C, Capsule (about 3/1). D, the flower for 
the next year is already formed (Godhavn: June 14, 1907; 200m. above the level of the 
sea). E, Apical part of a branch with flowers formed in its upper part; about >/1 (God- 
havn: June 14, 1907). F, G, Branches shewing several year’s growths (the asterisks indicate 
their limits). G, A shoot with lateral branches, g and g!, and fruits (7 and f!) from the 
two previous years (about ?/ı). j 
growths have at their base only foliage-leaves, which are smaller, 
though only slightly so, than are the other foliage-leaves; there- 
fore the shoots are distinctly thinner at the limits of each year's 
growths (Fig. 16 F, G). The lateral buds are protected by the 
subtending leaves. The lateral shoots are often dwarf shoots. 
The foliage-leaves on each year’s shoot number from about 
eight to twenty-four. They remain green two to three years. 
