52 
In other respects I see no difference between the European 
form and the Arctic form pumilum’. 
The filaments in both the forms are covered with long, 
rough hairs (Fig. 33 F’, A ete.; Fig. 34 E) which perhaps serve 
to retain the honey, but most probably are a substitute for the 
appendages which occur on the anthers in V. uliginosum. 
The anthers lie close to the style and are rough with small 
pointed protuberances (Fig. 33 E, F) which doubtless cause the 
insects to touch the anthers more violently and thus increase 
the resulting shock. 
Fig. 34. Vaccinium Vitis-idea. 
A, Flower-bud (Stockholm); length 9mm. B, Open flower (Finmark; July 15, 1885); length 
8 mm. from the stalk to the mouth of the corolla. C, Pollen tetrad. D, Flower (from 
West Greenland, Auleitsivik Fjord); only a few pollen tetrads are left in the anthers. 
E, Hair from the filament. F, Portion of a runner with a branch and a root in the axil 
of a scale-leaf. (E. W.) 
Slight protandry occurs (H. Mürzer, p.38, records homo- 
gamy; Exstam reports homogamy or slight protandry in Nova 
Zembla). I have found the pores of the anthers open a long 
time before the flowers expand, consequently, the pollen may 
fall out immediately the flowers open. 
Self-pollination appears to be able to take place, owing to 
* EKSTAM writes, l.c. p.427: “der Stempel ist in der Knospe hakenformig 
gebogen; beim Eröffnen der Blithe richtet er sich doch nicht ganz auf.” 
This I have not observed. 
