An evergreen, somewhat suffrutescent plant; the long, 
slender, subterranean runners have long internodes and bear 
scale-leaves. Fig. 38 A shews a runner like the one in ques- 
tion; it is there shewn as having risen above the ground in a 
curve and having formed a vertical aerial shoot (/) with two 
foliage-leaves (f, f), which has died down to the ground; but 
from its base a new shoot (JJ) has been given off which 
Fig. 38. A—C, Pirola rotundifolia (from Denmark), 
D, P. secunda (from Denmark). 
A, A rhizome terminating in 1, in a dead inflorescence and two decayed foliage-leaves (7,7); 
II, A lateral shoot bearing 3 foliage-leaves. 2, A subterranean runner with branch; of 
the two shoots the lower one is below the surface of the soil, and the upper one has 
risen above the ground and bears a large terminal bud (g). C, A vertical rhizome term- 
inating in a (dead) inflorescence; f, a foliage-leaf. Two pale lateral shoots bearing scale- 
leaves rise straight into the air and are somewhat ‘abnormally lengthened owing to the 
fact that the plant has been overgrown by moss. D, The apex of a runner of P. secunda. 
(E. W.) 
bears three foliage-leaves and terminates in a bud protected 
by scale-leaves. In Fig. 38 B a similar runner is shewn which 
has risen above the ground (bearing the terminal bud, 4) 
and has given off a branch at a. The runners are curved 
like a hook at the apex (Fig. 39 B. C, E). Their roots spring 
from the axils of the scale-leaves, above the axillary buds 
(Fig. 39 A, B, D, F), and are very slender and sparingly 
