59 
in diameter (as also, according to Linnman, p. 75, do those upon 
the plants found on the Dovre mountain; in Nova Zembla, 
according to Exsram they measure from 12 to 20 mm.; and 
upon Pirola rotundifolia in Denmark and Sweden, they measure 
from 14 to 16 mm.; cf. Fig. 42 A and K). The two back 
petals arch slightly above the erect stamens (Fig. 42 J). 
Fig. 40. Pirola rotundifolia var. grandiflora, (From Upernivik 
in West Greenland; May 27.) 
A (about 1/1); the basal portion of a flowering plant; the rhizome bears the leaves a and 
b on that year’s growth which is the oldest but one; 7—5 foliage-leaves and 6—10 scale- 
leaves of the next year’s growth; p, scale-leaves. B, The apex of a runner with two 
foliage-leaves (Z) and a terminal vegetative bud. C, A similar runner with a terminal 
floral bud. D, A runner with branches and bearing a foliage-leaf near its apex. Z, An 
inflorescence which has been taken out of a terminal floral bud. F—/, Parts of a flower 
from the same inflorescence; (F) stamen; (G) petal; (7) petal with two stamens; and (/) 
pistil; length of petal about 1/2 mm, (E. W., 1907.) 
Homogamy appears to be the rule. Even before the flower 
is quite open the stigma is viscid and the pores of the anthers 
are widely open (Fig. 42 H, I). 
In the bud the pores of the yellow anthers are turned 
downwards (Fig.42 H, I) as in the other species of Pirola, 
so self-pollination is impossible, as Lixpmax has also pointed 
