species have been mutually compared. As mentioned above, the 
anatomy of the greater number of the plants has already been 
described, but I am of opinion that the present work would become 
too superficial if I merely referred in it to these descriptions. I have 
treated each species according to a certain fixed plan and this I 
have preferred to employ with regard also to those species which 
have previously been described elsewhere. In the present paper 
they will all be compared with each other and that by a single 
author who must necessarily have some definite starting point. Only 
in the case of Cassiope tetragona, upon which a small monograph 
has already been published, have the main points of structure been 
dealt with superficially. 
It is chiefly the leaves and the stems which are here described, 
these organs being of the greatest importance in a biological, climato- 
logical connection. The roots, which occurred but sparingly in the 
material, have been investigated only for the sake of the mycorhiza, 
in the cases where this was possible. The bud-scales have not 
been examined at all. No attempt has been made towards 
giving a systematic anatomical account. The photographs of the 
transverse sections of the stems have been taken by Mr. A. HessExzo. 
The illustrations have been drawn partly by Professor Warmine and 
partly by me. The material consisted chiefly of specimens preserved 
in spirit, and was all from the Botanical Museum in Kjöbenhavn; 
it had been collected over a long period by different naturalists. 
The following is a list of the chief literature: — 
ABROMEIT, J., 1899, Botanische Ergebnisse der .... unter Leitung Dr. v. Dry- 
salski ausgesandten Grönlandsexpedition. B. Samenpflanzen (Phanero- 
gamen). (Bibliotheca botanica, 42. Stuttgart.) 
AMBRONN, H., 1890, Allgemeines über die Vegetation am Kingua-Fjord. (Die 
internationale Polarforschung 1882—83: Die deutschen Expeditionen und 
ihre Ergebnisse, Bd. II, p.61, Berlin, 1890.) 
BONNIER, G., 1894, Les plantes arctiques comparées aux mêmes espèces des 
Alpes et des Pyrénées. (Revue gen. de Botanique, T. VI.) 
BREITFELD, H., Der anatomische Bau der Blätter der Rhododendroidee. (Engl. 
bot. Jahrb. Bd. 9.) 
BÖRGESEN, F., 1890, Nogle Erieine-Haars Udviklingshistorie. (Botanisk Tids- 
skrift, Bd. 17.) 
— 1895, Bidrag til Kundskaben om arktiske Planters Bladbygning. (Bota- 
nisk Tidsskrift, Bd. 19.) 
HESSELMAN, H., 1900, Om Mykorrhizabildningar hos arktiska växter. (Bihang 
till K. Sv. Vetensk. Akad. Handlingar, Bd. 26, Afd. III, Nr. 2.) 
