Phyllophora Brodiæi aud Actinococcus subcutaneus. 13 
gonimoblast filaments, becoming septate and branched. 
These gonimoblast filaments penetrate into the medullary 
tissue of cells rich in starch and produce numerous small 
carpospores. In the ripe cystocarp cell filaments originating 
from the medullary tissue are seen traversing the mass of 
carpospores (fig. 3). — The nemathecia arise in summer 
as deep-red wedge-shaped spots on both faces of the lower 
part of the flat frond. They are built up of parallel fila- 
ments of cells which develop into tetrasporangia with the 
exception of the outermost cells. The division of the spor- 
angia takes place in winter (comp. DARBISHIRE 1895, 
p- 27); they are first divided by a transversal wall, later by 
two vertical ones. 
III. The Sexual Organs of Phyllophora Brodizi. 
The principal points to be investigated when treating of 
the much disputed but still unsolved problem of the re- 
production of this species were: 1) the first origin of the 
nemathecium-forming filaments, 2) the possible connection 
between the latter and the sexual organs of Phyllophora 
Brodiæi and 3) the fate of the germinating tetraspores. The 
sexual organs will first be mentioned. 
DARBISHIRE maintains that Phyll. Brodiwi is dioecious 
(1899, p. 258), but that does not agree with my observa- 
tions. Antheridia and procarps arise in particular sexual 
leaflets situated on the upper border of the flat fronds 
(fig. 5) or in the upper margin of the young segment of 
broad fronds (fig. 6). In both cases the two sexes usually 
occur in the same plant and often in the same organ, 
leaflet or margin. When the upper marginal zone of a 
frond becomes fertile, it increases considerably in a trans- 
verse direction and therefore becomes undulated (fig. 6), 
