The Species of the Genus Larix. 45 
It appears to be an extremely common tree in all 
distriets within its extensive area of distribution, and in 
the localities in the extreme north, it predominates over 
all other kinds of trees. Thus CAJANDER, on his journey 
down the Lena, noticed that the spruce disappeared a little 
to the north of Jakutsk, the fir being still found a few 
degrees further north, while the larch was supreme from 
about lat. 64° N. right up to the forest-line at the mouth 
of the Lena at lat. 72° N. (CAJANDER: 1904). A good im- 
pression of how dominating, nay, supreme, it becomes in 
comparison with other trees in wet, tundra-like districts, 
may be gained from Okana's description of its occur- 
rence on Sachalin (Okana: 1914), where the larch is 
able to form whole forests on tracts that are so wet, 
that the undergrowth is composed, inter alia, of Ledum, 
Myrica, Vaccinium, Andromeda, and Oxycoccus. Finally, 
it is met with in the „high moor formation”, although 
certainly only as small individuals (vide Scumipt, 1868, 
p. 14; BEISSNER, 1909, p. 320, and REGEL in Gartenfl. XX, 
1871, p. 105). 
We have seen that L. Gmelini reaches farther north and 
farther out on the flat, wet areas than other coniferous 
trees; it possesses also a marked propensity for withstand- 
ing the foggy, inclement climatic conditions prevailing in 
the regions abutting the Sea of Ochot, which it closely 
approaches on the Kurile Islands, as well as on Sachalin 
and the mainland, from about lat. 61° N.; further south- 
wards, it goes out on the many small islands along the coast. 
It not only contrives to exist under the inclement con- 
ditions, high winds and a cold, damp atmosphere, to which 
it is exposed, but can also develop into a tree of consider- 
able dimensions. Thus Wırson gives its height on Sacha- 
