152 KEY TO SUB-CLASSES, ORDERS AND GENERA. 
XLVII--RHIZOPHORACHA—cont, 
(1) Petals 4, entire ; ovary 2-celled, } inferior :— ... ccexcv—Rhizophora. 
(2) Petals 5--6, emarginate ; ovary 3-celled, 3 inferior:—... eccxcvi—Ceriops. 
(3) Petals 5--5, bifid, lobes laciniate; ovary 1-celled, } inferior :-— 
ceexcvii— Kandelia. 
(4) Petals 8--14, bifid, or emarginate ; ovary 2—4-celled, inferior :— 
ccexcvili— Bruguiera. 
(ii) Inland species ; seeds albominous, do not germinate on the tree :— 
cecxcix -Carallia. 
(II) Ovary free ; inland species :— 
(i) Leaves submembranous ; plants quite glabrous ; flowers $ inch long:-- 
cd—Weihea. 
(ii) Leaves membranous ; shoots and inflorescence pubescent ; flowers 4 inch 
long :-- La ser. a ig ANS bad oO Jad cdi--Blepharistemma. 
XLVIII--COMBRETACE AA— 
[Anatomical featwres.—The plants of this order have phicem on the inner side of the 
wood cylinder at the circumference of the pith, either forming a continuous ring 
(Terminalia, Combretum, often), or in distinct masses. This interior phloem either 
consists of thin walled elements only (Terminalia, Anogeissus), or is accompanied by 
thick walled bast fibres (Combretum, sometimes), ‘The medullary rays as a rule are 
narrow ; Combretum decandrum, however, bas two classes of rays, broad rays consisting 
of many layers of cells, and narrow rays consisting of one layer only. Apart from 
vessels and rays, the wood mainly consists of wovod-fibres, but a few species (e.g. 
Terminalia belerica) have broad tangential bands of wood parenchyma. Several species, 
climbers as well as trees, have strands of phloem in the wood. As far as known, the 
structure of climbing species is normal, but they demand further study. } 
[Botanical note,—In this, as well as in the allied orders, Rosacka, RuIZoPHORACES 
MYRTACKA, the practice of most English text books is followed in describing the calyx 
as adnate to the ovary, In reality, however, what is here called calyx—seeing that it, 
im some cases, bears bracteoles, and consequently—- should be regarded as an axial organ, 
or the continuation of the axis (pedicel), which is hollow, enclosing the ovary, bearing 
sepals at the apex, here called calyx segments. The Genera of Sub-order II, with 
winged fruit, but entirely different in other respects to the other genera of the order, 
should be included (with Hernandia, usually classed in LAURACKa%, q.v.) under a 
separate order, HERNANDIACEA, | 
(1) Calyx-lobes valvate ; stamens without glands or staminodes at their case, anthers 
dehiscing by a longitudinal slit ; ovules 2-—7, suspended by long funicles :— 
(i) Flowers in spikes cr racemes; fruit drupaceous, with leathery or woody 
epicarp, angled or winged :— 
(1) Calyx limb deciduous : — 
(A) Patels O ; leaves alternate or sub-opposite ; large trees :-— 
cdii—-Terminalia. 
(B) Petals 4—5 ; leaves opposite, sometimes whorled ; climbers :— 
(a) Calyx tube less than $ inch above the ovary:—_... edvi--Combretum. 
(b) Calyx tube elongated, more than } inch above the ovary :— 
ed vii—Quisqualis. 
(2) Calyx limb persistent :— 
(A) Inland species; leaves opposite ; rusty downy sarmentose shrub :— 
ediii-—Caly copteris. 
(B) Littoral species of Mangrove swamps; leaves alternate, thick, 
fieshy ; glabrous tree :— i) at coe ... ¢edy—Lumnitzera. 
(ii) Flowers in globose heads, fruit small, flat imbricated:—  cediv—~Anogeissus, 
(IL) Calyx lobes valvate or imbricate ; stamens with glands or staminodes 
at their base, anthers opening by recurved lateral valves; ovule 1 suspended by 
a short funicle; frnit a nut crowned by the elongate spathulate calyx lobes; 
leaves alternate, entire or lobed ; trees :-— bee x6 . ¢edviti--Gyrocarpus. 
XLIX--MYRTACEA-- 
[Anatomical features.—This order comprises two distinct groups, treated in Engler u. 
Prantl as separate orders, MyrTacra proper have cavities, containing ethereal oil, lined 
with small thin lined walls, in leaves, branchlets, and, generally, al] the green parts, as 
