190 KEY TO SUB-CLASSES, ORDERS AND GEHN®RA. 
CXV— SCITAMINACE Ai—cont. 
(B) Lateral staminodes small or wanting (rarely narrow amd aduate 
to lip); corolla tube cylindric :— 
(a). Flowers in a dense cone-like spike :— 
(x) Anther cells divaricate on a short arcuate filament, with or 
without a petaloid crest; stigma smal! subglobose, or 
' larger and gibbovs at back; spikes almost always produced 
from the rootstock (rarely from top of stem):— cmxlv--Amomum. 
(8) Anther cells parallel :— 
(*) Filaments short, connective produced as a narrow ap- 
pendage as long as the anther ; stigma small subglobose ; 
spikes usually produced from the rootstock, but sometimes 
at the top of leafy stem:— . .. ¢@mxlvi-—Zingiber. 
(**) Filament forming, with the produced ‘connective, an oblong 
petaloid process with contiguous linear anther cells placed 
in its middle; stigma with a semilunar pit, ciliate round 
the margin ; Spikes usually at the top of leafy stem :— 
cmxlvii—Costus. 
(b) Flowers in racemes or panicles :-— 
(x) Panicle produced straight from the rootstock, long, flexuous, 
decumbent; filament very short, connective not dilated ; 
stigma small turbinate :— a comxlviii—Blettaria, 
(8) Panicle or raceme at the top of ‘leaty stem; filament 
long, anther cells divergent at apex; stigma subglobose :-— 
emxlix--Alpinia, 
(ii) Anther i-celled, laterally aduate to petaloid filament; calyx of free 
sepals :—— 
i 1) Staminal tube with 5 similar, slightly unequal, petaloid segments, 
the l-celled anther aduate to one of the smaller segments; ovary 3-celled, 
placentas wany-ovuled, a flattened, stigma Parra capitate ; embryo 
straight :— emliii—Canna. 
(2) Staminal tube very; irregular, Bune lobed, 1--2- lobes Jateral and, 1 (lip) 
anterior with 3—-2-lobes dorsal, of uhick 2--1 are hood-like and BR bears 
the anther cell; placentas J-ovuled, stigma oblique, dilated or 2-labiate ; 
embryo curved :— 
(A) Ovary apparently 1-celled and l-ovuled, with 2 small rudimentary 
empty cells; stem leafy with a terminal few-flowered inflores- 
cence and convolute sheathing bracts :—— 
(a) Inflorescence panicled, jointed :— cml— Maranta. 
(b) Inflorescence spicate :— ae cmli—Calathea, 
(B) Ovary 3-celled, 3-ovuled ; stems leafy with panicled, scattered, 
flowers, the panicle with convolute, Daa ee deciduous brac ts 
at the forks, emlii—-Clinogyne. 
II. Stamens 5 perfect and free, 1 imperfect or mantiag 3 Stigma more or less 
distinctly 6-lobed :— 
(i) Sepals free ; petals long, narrow, free ; eng loculicidally 3-valved ; 
leaves distichous:— cmlv——Ravenala. 
(ii) Sepals united into a aplit spathaceous tube ; : corolla short, included, 
enveloping the stamens and styles ; leaves spiral :—— 
(1) Fruit fleshy, indehiscent, seeds many :—- 
(2) Fruit a capsule, 8-celled and-valved, each cell with 1 seed :—— 
cmlvi-—Heliconia, 
emliv—Musa. 
CXVI—AMAKY LLIDACH Ai— 
(1) Leaves large, thick, fleshy, ensiform, densely clustered at the top of a 
rootstock or a short simple stem, spiny at the tip, and usually armed along the 
edge ; scape terminal, simple, or branching towards the apex :-— 
(i) Inflorescence simple spicate, or compound thyrsolid ; stamens longer 
thanthe perianth, filament filiform or flattened at base ; style filiform :--cmlvii--Agave. 
(ii) Inflorescence laxly paniculate ; stamens shorter than the perianth. fila- 
ments thicked at base; style thickened in the middie:— ... emlvii--Furcraea. 
CXVII--DIOSCORHACEA— 
(1) Characters of the order (q. v. in the Synopsis) :-- ... ... Omlix——Dioscorea . 
