KEY TO SUB-OLASSES, ORDERS AND GHNERA. 193 
OXXI--PAM Ai—cont. 
sheaths ; spathes many ; fruit obovoidly globose with terminal 
stigmas, seeds, 1--2—--3:— ... an At emxc—Arenga. 
(c) Leaflets cuneate-linear, premorse, with a large tooth on each 
side about the middle, fascicled, glaucous below ; leaves long, 
erect, distichous; stem erect, annulate; spathes many, 
tubular; fruit ovoid-oblong 1--3-celled and seeded; ovule 
babslar erect :— ae Se Age ... omlxxxix—Wallichia, 
(2) Fruit a drupe with fibrous pericarp, endocarp woody or stony, with 
3 terminal pits of which 2 answer to arrested cells, the other 
immediately over the position of the embryo in the subjavent 
albumen; seed adherent to endocarp by the diffuse ramifications 
of the raphe all over the seed :— 
(A) Leaflets cuneate, premorse and jagged; leaves medium; stem 
(slender), petioles and leaf-backs densely covered with black 
spines; Spathes double; fruit globular, fleshy with a hard, 
smooth, pitted stone:—  ... ut eth .. mxiv— Martinezia, 
(B) Leaflets wedge-shaped, plicate, covered at the back with white 
scurf giving a silvery appearance, being the segments of a wedge- 
shaped leaf; stem, leaves, spathes, fruit.stalks (sometimes fruit too) 
covered with spines ; fruit oval, 1-seeded, sometimes fragrant :— 
mxix—Astrocaryum. 
(ii) Leaflets with a spilt-acuminate (i.e., bifid or bilobed) tip and redupli- 
cate sides ; fruit a hard berry :— 
(1) Leaflets linear, equally 2-partite at apex; leaves long, lanceolate in 
outline ; stem smooth, annulate, grey ; fruit avoid, pendulous, large (size of a 
largeege):— ... i MS see MS sad at cmlxxv— Actinorhytis, 
(2) Leaflets linear, long, close, with 2 paleaceous keels, triangularly bifid 
at apex;leaves medium; stem very slender, annulate; spathes many; fruit 
small, subglobose :— i de Nee Au We Bs cmlxxxv—Bentinckia, 
(3) Leaflets linear-lanceolate, narrowed to unequally bifid apex, arched ; 
leaves medium, arched, with long sheaths; stems slender, annulate; fruit 
ovoid or oblong-ovoid:— .. an Jee a ... emxcii—Oreodoxa. 
(iii) Leaflets with an acuminate or acute tip, and reduplicate sides :— 
(1) Frvit a 1—3-celled hard berry without scales :— 
(A) Spadix androgynous—male flowers at tips, and, below, male and 
female in pairs in furrows in the spadix,—horizontal from the 
stem below the swelling of the leaf-sheaths; fruit a sloe- 
like, dark purple, 1-seeded berry; leaflets pendent, lanceolate, 
acuminate, close, scaly beneath ; leaves with cylindric sheaths ; 
which fall with the leaves ; stem slender annulate :—cmxciv—Hnuterpe. 
(B) Spadix androgynons, flowersin threes with 1 female between 2 
males all along the spike, usually infrafolier :— 
(a) Leaflets linear-lanceolate, acuminate, sabglaucous beneath ; 
leaves long with long sheaths thickly covered with brownish- 
black spines ; stems slender, erect, annulate ; fruit black, the 
size of an ear of corn :— emlxxvi-—Acanthophcenix. 
(b) Leaflets linear-lanceclate, acuminate, curled eituer upwards 
or downwards; leaves.long; stems erect, annulate, spadix 
simple ; fruit oblong or ellipsoid .— emlxxviii— Howea. 
(c) Leaflets linear-lanceolate, acuminate ; leaves long, very dense ; 
stem erect, annulate ; frnit ellipsoid ; spadix branched :— 
cmlxxx— Hedyscepe. 
(d) Leaflets linear-lanceolate, acuminate (rarely very slightly 
notched at tip) ; leaves long with conspicuously broad rachis ; 
stem erect, annulate :— em)xxxii—Archontopheenix. 
(e) Leaflets very long, very narrowly linear, acuminate; leaves 
few, very long ; stem spinous; fruit globose, purple-black :— 
3 emlxxxiv——Oncosperma, 
(C) Spadix usually i-sexual (or if androgynons, in threes with female 
-  above—not between --the males), usually interfolier :-— 
(a) Leaflets lanceolate acute; leaves very long, arched; stem 
slender, annulate, swollen at base ; fruit subglobose, covered 
with rough tubercles ;— cm)xxii—Chrysalidocarpus. 
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