KEY TO SUB-CLASSES, ORDERS AND GENERA. 195 
CXXI—PALM At\—cont. 
fleshy pericarp and membranous endocarp ; leaves short to long ; stems wanting 
to long, when present jagged with the persistent bases of fallen leaves :— 
emxcyv— Phoenix. 
(III) Leaves simple, flabelliform, multicostate with ribs radiating from the 
apex of the petiole, pleated, lobes or segments with induplicate sides ; spadices 
interfoliar ; spathes many :— : 
(i) Flowers usually 2-sexual ; ovary usually of 1—3 smooth carpels forming 
1—-3 apocarpous drupes or berries, or (Copernicia) a solitary elliptical drupe, or 
(Sabal) adeeply 2—3 lobed berry, or (Thrinaz) t-celled and-ovuled with a solitary 
berry :— 
F (1) Petiole armed with recurved prickles or spines :— 
(A) Leaves very large, huge, orbicular or lunate,with 80--100 segments 
which are ensiform and usually bifid ; stemrtall, spirally ridged, 
annulate or with obsolete annulations; spadix very large, 
paniculate, terminal, fruit 1--3 globose, olive-green, drupes :— 
emxcvi—Corypha. 
(B) Leaves medium, suborbicular to flabellate ; usually deeply partite 
(9, 18, or 30 segments, which are many lobed with bifid lohes, 
rarely 1 species-simply multifid with short obtusely lobuled 
bifid lobes) ; stems usually short, annulate (rarely-! species-quite 
smooth) ; spadix simple or tranched ; fruit of i—3 orange or red, 
small, globose, ellipsoid or ovcid, drupes :— «-. Cmxcix—Licuala. 
(C) Leaves medium, orbicular tlabellate, cut nearly to the middle into 
numerous segments, the margins being always filiferous with 
long whitish threads; stem tall; spadix elongate, panicled : 
fruit of 1—3 one-seeded drupes :— ... mii (bis).— W-shingtonia. 
(D) Leaves small to medium, orbicular, fan-shaped, or reniform, cut 
to the middle into bifid, narrow, spreading or pendent, lobes, 
margins cecasionally shortly filiferous, petioles sheathed at the 
bases with netted fibres; stem usually tall, annulate; spidix 
loosely panicled; fruit of 1—-3, globose or olive-like 1-seeded 
drupes :— x fe ao Bee er 4 miii—Livistona. 
(E) Leaves medium, fan-shaped, divided to about one-third of their 
length into narrow, sharp-pointed, erect, segments, glaucous on 
both sides (as are the petioles); stem usually short ; spadix 
panicled ; fruit of 1—8 olive-like 1-seeded berries :— 
miy—Chameerops. 
(2) Petiole unarmed :— 
(A) Leaves medium, fan-shaped, covered with yellowish wax when 
young ; stem erect, covered with leaf-sheaths ; spadix branching ; 
fruit an ellipsoid yellowish drupe:— ... ++» emxcevil—Copernicia. 
(B) Leaves medium, palmatisect, fan-shaped, white-downy when 
young, petiole covered with white-scaly-tomentum with a few 
brown fibres at the base ; stem rather short ; spadix stalked and 
branched ; fruit of 1—3 drupes resembling a black-heart cherry :— 
mii—Pritchardia. 
(C) Leaves medium, saborbicular or reniform, multisect with narrow 
bifid segments half way down, subglaucous beneath, young 
furfuraceously-hairy ; stem erect, partially or wholly covered 
with leaf-sheaths ; spadix stoat, branched ; fruit of 1—3 oblong 
or reniform bluish drupes :— a Ke .. mvi—Trachycarpus, 
(D) Leaves medium, orbicular, fan-shaped, or cordiform, multifid to 
one-third of their length, often filiferous between the segwents, 
sometimes glancous ; stem very short to tall; spadix-long, large, 
decompound ; fruit a single 2—8-lobed dark green berry :— 
m—Sabal. 
(E) Leaves small to medium, orbicular, fan-shaped, or reniform, 
multifid to two-thirds or more of their length into linear bifid 
segments, petiole slender, biconvex ; stems short, covered with 
persistent leaf-sheaths above, annulated below ; spadix elongate, 
paniculate, rachis covered with a tubular sheath; fruit a 
solitary, small, pea-like, 1-seeded berry:— _... ss. mi—Thrizax, 
13-a 
