DAKOTA-ENGLISH. 
are 
a, the first letter of the Dakota al- 
phabet. It has but one uniform 
sound, that of a in father. 
a, an inseparable preposition or pre- | 
fix. 
1. Prefixed to verbs and adjectives, 
it usually means on or upon: | 
as, magazu, to rain, amagazu, 
amani, to walk on; han, to 
stand, ahan, to stand on; 
waste, good, awaste, to be 
good on or in addition to; to 
become, to befit: when, in ad- 
dition to the prefix, ka or kaéa 
is suffixed, the idea of incred- | 
ulity or contempt is expressed: 
as, awasteka, amakukaéa. 
2. In some cases it gives a causa- 
tive meaning to the verb: as | 
u, to come, au, to bring; ya, 
to go, aya, to take. 
3. Itformsa collective plural in the 
case of some verbs of motion: | 
as, au, they come; aya, they | 
go; ahi, they have arrived. 
4. Prefixed to nouns, it sometimes 
makes adverbs: as, waniéa, 
none, awanin or awaninya 2 | 
a-ba’-kpay, v. @ (a and bakpan) 
a destroying way ; paha, a hill, 
apahaya, hill-like. 
hee 
to rain on; mani, to walk, | 
5. It makes nouns of some verbs: 
as, bapta, to cut off from, 
abapte, @ cutting on, ¢an aba- 
pte, a cutting-board. 
a, n. the arm-pit, under the arm: 
as, a ogna wao, I hit undér the arm 
or foreleg. 
v. imperat. only; hark, listen: 
a, a wo, a ye; pl. a po, am, a 
miye. 
a-a’, n. 
a-a’, adj moldy. 
a-a’,v.n. to mold, become moldy. 
a-a/-mna, v. n. (aa and omna) 
smell moldy. 
a-ba’-hda, v.a. to shave off with 
a knife, as the fat from guts—aba- 
wahda, abayahda. 
a-ba’-hda-hda, ». 
hda. 
a-ba’-ka, v. a. (a and baka) to 
cut or split the feather from a quill; 
fig. to be straight or without wrong 
doing: abakapi se waun—abawaka. 
a-ba’-ke-za, v. a. (a and bakeza) 
to cut off smooth, as a feather for an 
arrow—abawakeza, abayakeza. 
a-ba’-kpa, v.a.(aand bakpa) 
pare off on—abawakpa. 
mold. 
to 
red. of aba- 
to 
to cut fine on, make fine on, as in 
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