CLASS IV. ORDER I. 19 



Galium. Calyx 4-toothed ; corol flat : fruit 

 dry : seeds 2, roundish : (leaves stellate.) 47. 57— 

 tinctorium^ (bedstraw) stem whorls in sixes, branch 

 whorls in fours. l(.w. — afiarine^ fruit prickly, 

 whorls in eights. 0.w — verum^ fruit smooth, 

 whorls in eights. %-^' — brachiatum^ whorls in fours. 

 % w — asprelluniy whorls all in sixes, stem decum- 

 bent. If. w. 



DipsAcus. Common calyx many-leaved ; pro- 

 per calyx 1 -leafed superior : receptacle chaffy : 

 seed 1, crowned: flowers aggregate. 48. 56 — ful- 

 lonum^ (teasel) chaff hooked. S . e. — sylvesirisf 

 chaff strait. % . b. 



C. Flowers ^-fietalledy inferior. 



Ammania. Calyx tubular, plaited, 8-toothed : 

 petals 4, or none, on the calyx : capsule 4-celled 

 — (sometimes 2-celled and S-stamened.) 17. 91— 

 humilis^ (tooth cup) stem procumbent, ©.r. 



CoRNus. Calyx 4-toothed : drupe with a 2-celI- 

 ed nut. Some species have a 4-leaved involucre. 

 45. 58—-Jlorida^ (dogwood) involucres large, pe- 

 tal-like h . y w.-'-Jianiculataj cymes panicled. Ij . 

 w. — alba, cymes flat. 2/. w — circinata^ leaves orbi- 

 cular, acuminate — branches worty. 



LuDwiGiA. Calyx 4-parted, the divisions long, 

 permanent : capsule 4-cornered, 4-ceiled, perfor- 

 ated at the top, many-seeded — (petals sometimes 

 wanting.) 17.88 — alttrnifolia^ (seed-box) glubrous. 

 g). y — /lilosaj rough-haired, l^.y. 



E. Flowers not comjilete. 



PoTHOS. General calyx a spathe: perianth o: 

 spadix simple, covered with flowers : petals 4, 

 wedge-form : berries globose, 2-seeded, inclosed in 

 a spongy receptacle, 2. 7 — -foetida^ (skunk-cab- 

 bage) stemless, leaves oval % p. 



IsNARDiA. Calyx bell-form; 4-parted, superiors 



C 



