1890.] MARINK MOLLUSCA OF SI'. HELKNA. 28J 



Cypr^a spurca, Liiine. 



The distribution of this species is similar to that of the preceding, 

 excepting that it also occurs at the West Indies (d'Orbign^' and 

 others). The shigle shell received from Mr. Melliss, and named 

 C. turdus by Jeffreys, is merely a small specimen of C, spurca. 



Littorina miliaris, Quoy and Gaimard (var.). 



Hah. Ascension Island (Q. & G.); also R. Trimen and Dr. Conry 

 in British Museum. 



The specimens from St. Helena do not agree exactly with those 

 from Ascension. In them the last whorl is rather less ventrieose ; 

 the spire longer, and consequently more acutely conical ; tlie aper- 

 ture is a trifle more effuse at the base, and the tuberculation much 

 less pronounced ; indeed, in some instances, the surface is all but 

 smooth. Jeffreys and Melliss have classed the St. Helena forms 

 under the name of L. striata, King, but, in my opinion, they are 

 certainly more closely related to L. miliaris. In connexion with 

 this species I would observe that L. grunularis. Gray, and L. nodosa, 

 Reeve (not of Gray), are synonymous. Some remarks hy M'atson 

 (Voy. ' Challenger,' Rep. Gasteropoda, p. 576) and Lischke (Japan. 

 Meeres-Conch. ii. p. 70) have been given concerning the synonymy 

 of L. ffranularis. After a very careful comparison of Gray's much 

 worn type with specimens of L. miliaris from Ascension, I feel con- 

 vinced of their identity ; but I rather incline with Lischke to hold 

 Dunker's L. exigva, from Japan, as distinct from L. granularis. Gray, 

 with which it is united by Watson. 



It is not surprising tliat Lischke should consider Reeve's L. granu- 

 laris a distinct species from Gray's, seeing that the latter author's 

 type is in such worn condition, so that neither the colour nor sculpture 

 could be accurately described ; and, moreover, it was from an un- 

 known locality. 



The very young specimens from St. Helena have quite a different 

 as|)ect from the adult Ascension examjjles, having an angular body- 

 whorl and an effuse columella at the base ; still, in a large scries of 

 different ages, the transitions or links are ohservable. 



Littorina helen^e, Melliss. (Plate XXI. fig. 19.) 



Littorina helence, Melliss's St. Helena, p. 125. 



Testa parva, trochifoi-mis, fusco-nigra, inferne regionem versus 

 umbilici pallidior ; sjnra elevata, conica, acuta, lateribus recti- 

 linearibus ; anfr. 8, plant, seriebus graiiulorum trikus ornati, 

 striisque intercalatis paucis sctilpti ; anfr. ullimus subacute 

 angulatus, ad aiiyuhim serie tuberculorum dvplici inslructus, 

 inferne liris concentricis tenuibus cinctus ; apertvra parva, 

 rotunde quadrata, longit. fotius yL adeequans, intus saturate 

 castanea, linea basali alhida interrupta ; columella pallida, 

 inferne casianea et subacuminate effusa. 



Luigit. 9 milliw., diam. fere G. 



Among the shells presented to the British Museum by Mr. Melliss 



