1890.] ON THE STRUCTURE OF THE EYE IN ARCTURUS. 365 



obtained from the Crimea, and all of which are referred to the Red 

 Deer. One of these (represented in Plate XXX. fig. 2) is a right 

 antler, with only a rudiniental brow-tyne, and above this a straight 

 beam with no tyne till the crown is reached. The latter is slightly 

 palmated and terminates in three snags. Such an antler, it appears 

 to me, is likely to be merely an earlier stage of one of the present 

 type ; and if the one is rightly referred to the Red Deer, I think 

 there can be no hesitation in considering the other as referable to the 

 same form. Another and larger antler from the Crimea exhibits the 

 usual brow-, bez-, and trez-tynes, and then expands at the summit 

 into a distinctly palmated crown with three snags. A third, if the 

 trez-tyne were removed, would be not at all unlike the specimen 

 under consideration, although with less palmation of the crown. 



Again, on turning to the magnificent series of Red Deer antlers 

 figured in A. B. Meyer's ' Die Hirschgeweih Sammlung im kon . 

 Schlosse zu Moritzburg' (1883), I find that some of the abnormal 

 specimens approach the one before us, although none are exactly 

 similar. Thus the left antler of the head, figured in plate xvi. of that 

 work, has a palmation not unlike Mr. Danford's specimen, although 

 there is an inner tyne to the crown, which thus forms a cup, and the 

 trez-tyne is developed. Again, the left antler in plate xxix. shows 

 the complete abortion of both brow- and bez-tyne, and the absence 

 of any trace of a trez-tyne ; the beam forming a long unbroken shaft 

 like the specimen before mentioned. 



These instances are sutRcient to show that the peculiarities of the 

 antler obtained by Mr. Danford are paralleled by other specimens 

 which are clearly referable to the Red Deer, so that we have every 

 reason for regarding it as belonging to that species. I have con- 

 sidered it advisable that this antler should be figured, firstly, because 

 it has been regarded as representing a new species of Deer, and 

 secondly, since it is important as indicating how much care must be 

 exercised in founding so-called new species upon detached and 

 imperfect fossil antlers. 



EXPLANATION OF PLATE XXX. 

 Fig. 1. An abnormal right antler of Cervus elaphus, from Asia Minor. 



2. Another abnormal right antler of the same species, from the Crimea. 



Both figures are J nat. size. 



3. On the Minute Structure of the Eye in some Shallow- 

 Water and Deep- Sea Species of the Isopod Genus 

 Arcturus. By Frank E. Beddard, M.A.^ Prosector to 

 the Society. 



[Eeceived April 15, 1890.] 

 (Plate XXXI.) 



Three years ago I communicated a paper to the Royal Society of 

 Edinburgh upon the structure of the Eye in the two Isopodan families 



