652 MR. R. CRAWSHAY ON THE [DeC. 2, 



deep. In such places one has to undergo cruel torture from reed- 

 cuts and mosquitoes, the latter of the fiercest type and even in broad 

 noonday most vicious. Nature has provided the Water-buck with a 

 tougher hide and coarser hair than any other of his kind, but even 

 these are not proof against the rank tall " mabandi " grass and 

 spear-like " matele " reeds, and I have noticed that the legs of some 

 I have killed have suffered considerably, the skin on the fetlocks 

 and pasterns being cut clean through. 



I have seen more of Water-bucks than of any other Antelopes, and 

 had ample opportunity for observing their habits at Nkanga and 

 other places, where I have actually lived among them. They have 

 a habit, after drinking, of wandering considerable distances along 

 the sandy shore of the Lake ; Elands, I have noticed, do the same ; 

 this I have seen on bright moonlight nights, when I have camped 

 on the Lake shore. When alarmed and beating a retreat, they 

 occasionally give vent to a low snorting bark, and move off at a 

 smooth and, if I may use the expression, " wooden " trot ; unless 

 wounded or hard-pressed in pursuit, they seldom canter or gallop, 

 and they do not bound or jump as do almost all their kind. 

 Water-bucks have an extraordinarily powerful scent, like that from 

 Sheep but stronger, and their haunts and paths retain it for weeks 

 and even months after the animals have left them. Lions, it has 

 occurred to me, seldom kill a Vv'ater-buck, and I can only attribute 

 this either to their dislike to this scent, or to the habit Water-bucks 

 have of lying in open places where Lions cannot easily get at them. 

 Buffaloes appear to me the natural prey of the Lion, but compared 

 with Koodoo, "Impala," and Bush-buck, it is seldom that Water- 

 bucks fall victims. The meat of the Water-buck is quite the worst 

 of all African venison that I have eaten, its grain being considerably 

 coarser than that of an old bull BuflFalo, while at the same time 

 it has a very strong flavour, too strong by far for stomachs under- 

 mined by a malarial climate; natives, however, to a man eat it, and, 

 so far as I know, they have no evil superstitions about the animal 

 itself, such as they have with the Bush-buck, a small red-coloured 

 Antelope, the " Insa," and the Red lliver-hog (Pofamochcerus 

 penicillatus). I have heard it said by some that Water-bucks are 

 unusually stupid ; such, however, has not been my experience ; no 

 doubt they are at times confiding and oifer an easy shot, but not 

 more often, I should say, than any other Antelopes of the open plains, 

 I think they possess greater vitality than any other of their kind, 

 at least those I have met (though there is little to pick between 

 a Water-buck and a Hartebeeste on the score of being hard-lived) ; 

 and they are certainly more stoutly built, especially about the neck 

 and legs, the latter being short, coarse, and even clumsy. Com- 

 pared with other Antelopes they are by no means graceful, yet their 

 beauty may be said to " consist in their ugliness ; " and if not 

 actually useful, they are certainly ornamental to the vast wastes 

 of swamp, grass, and reeds where they are generally found. 



