CHAPTER VI 
THE PEOPLE OF THE COAST 
By W. T. GRENFELL 
THE fishery as it exists in Labrador at the present day 
is confined practically to Newfoundlanders, Labrador 
settlers, or “‘livyeres,”’ as they are called, Eskimo, Americans 
from Massachusetts and Maine, and a few Canadians from 
the Maritime provinces. Of the Basques only a few tiled 
floors, and the débris of the bones of whales captured by 
those people, remain. These bones are still fished up at Red 
Bay in the Strait of Belle Isle and are used for dog-sledge 
shoes. Biscayans and Bretons are represented by a wild 
growth of the small leek or hive, which once flourished 
in their well-cared-for vegetable patches. Jean Jacques 
and Antoine Perrault still fish on the coast, but speak the 
homeliest Labrador and are innocent of anything French, 
even as on the Canadian Labrador Rob Roy McGregor and 
Angus McNab know nothing but French patois. 
The Canadians are represented by their telegraph lines, 
lighthouses, and steam tenders. An occasional sick French 
Canadian finds his way to the small hospitals on the coast. 
Germany has at Nain a consul, a Moravian missionary 
bishop, whom, in 1907, a man-of-war came in and saluted. 
Words lacking in the Eskimo language have been supplied 
from the German. Tosten Andersens and Donald Camp- 
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