388 LABRADOR 
on the edge of the Arctic Zone. Its call note resembles 
at times the call of the night-hawk, at times the call of the 
veery. Its song, which may be heard in the long summer 
twilight of Labrador even after nine o’clock, is interesting 
and beautiful. It begins with a single or double note, 
followed by a long veery-like vibration, sweet yet mournful. 
The Canadian Zone includes the wooded region of south- 
ern Labrador. Its limits cannot be accurately defined, and 
the birds of this and the Hudsonian Zone intermingle. 
Sheltered valleys often enable the Canadian birds to ex- 
tend far north into the region of the Hudsonian class. 
It is impossible in the space of this chapter to do more 
than mention a few of the characteristic birds. The 
spruce grouse and the Canadian ruffed grouse here take 
the place of the willow ptarmigan of the Hudsonian Zone 
and the rock ptarmigan of the Arctic Zone. The spruce 
grouse is so tame or so stupid that it is often caught by 
a noose on a short stick. The Labrador jay is a sub- 
species of the Canada jay, and resembles its cousin closely 
in its pilfering habits and in the variety and weirdness of 
its call or conversational notes. The young of the year 
are dark plumbeous in colour, and resemble large cat-birds. 
Pine grosbeaks, white-winged and American crossbills, 
and pine siskins are all to be found here on the borders of 
the Hudsonian and Canadian zones. They are all de- 
pendent for their food-supply on the cone crop of the spruces 
and firs. When the crop fails, they wander widely in winter 
and visit more southern localities. The common warbler, 
whose range extends throughout the wooded area even 
to the edge of the Arctic Zone, is the black-poll warbler, 
whose simple song can often be heard in little islands of 
