THE FLORA 417 
white lichen) together forming an almost continuous green 
and gray sward, touched with red in the autumn. The 
berries of the curlew are exceedingly numerous, and those 
of the previous season still cling thickly to the vine among 
the green new ones, and even until the latter begin to ripen 
in the middle of August. In the midst of this continuous 
curlew and moss grow occasional clumps of grasses of many 
kinds, and a great variety of flowering plants. Perhaps 
the most common of the latter are the Hricacew. Some of 
them are berry-bearing, with inconspicuous flowers, par- 
ticularly the blueberry (Vaccinium Pennsylvanicum and 
V. uliginosum), the mountain cranberry (V. Vitis-Idea), 
and the bearberry (Arctostaphylos alpina). Others have 
more prominent flowers, such as the omnipresent Labrador 
tea (Ledum), together with the somewhat less universal 
Loiseleuria and Bryanthus. These are all exceedingly 
abundant in the southern half of the peninsula, but extend 
variously far to the north. The white clusters of, the 
Ledum and the purple umbels of the Bryanthus are very 
conspicuous. In the autumn, the red-turning leaves of the 
Arctostaphylos are the most attractive of the season’s 
colourings. There is also a large number of other plants 
that are constantly met with, though few of them are so 
nearly omnipresent and continuous as are most of those 
already mentioned. The bake-apple, or cloudberry (Rubus 
Chamemorus) grows thickly as far north as Hebron, but 
very thinly beyond. We could find but very few of its ripe 
berries in Labrador, though in Newfoundland they seem 
to be common. Associated with its single white flowers 
are frequently seen the showy, rose-coloured ones of the 
Arctic raspberry (Rubus arcticus). This also, so far as our 
experience could determine, had about the same limits and 
was equally rare in fruit. Bunch-berry (Cornus Canadensis) 
is likewise very common, especially in the south, and grows 
in thick groups. Dense tufts of the white-flowered Dia- 
pensia Lapponica and of the beautiful mosslike pink 
2E 
