THE FLORA 421 
subspecies, and occupy a larger area the farther south they 
were driven. . . . Hence, on the return of warmth, many 
more Scandinavian species would return to Arctic America 
and Asia than survived in Greenland; some would be 
changed in form, because only the favoured varieties could 
have survived the struggle.” 
The summer visitor to Labrador, whether scientist or 
pleasure-seeker, may naturally be expected to have an 
interest not only in the scientific aspects of its flora, but 
also in the possibilities it presents of making additions to 
his food-supplies. These are meagre, but, so far as they go, 
of a very satisfactory nature. Garden vegetables, berry- 
bearing plants, and fungi nearly exhaust the list of com- 
monly known plants that is available for this purpose. 
The former are raised sparingly in the fishing villages of 
the southern portion of the coast, and by the missionaries 
at the Moravian stations as far north as Nain. Edible 
berries are exceedingly abundant, especially blueberries, 
Arctic cranberries, and curlewberries. The last two kinds 
require cooking to make them palatable, but then are de- 
licious. The cloudberry, or bake-apple (Rubus Chamemo- 
rus) is abundant in some few parts of the country, and is 
much esteemed by the natives. Raspberries also are found 
in some localities. 
The fungi of Labrador have as yet received but little 
- study. The most common kinds, both of which are easily 
identified by any one with a very slight knowledge of fungi, 
are apparently various species of Boletus and of Russula. 
These grow in considerable numbers almost everywhere. 
Several other kinds of fungi are obtainable in smaller 
quantities. They need much further investigation, and 
