456 APPENDIX III 
including: Buccinum cyaneum, B. ciliatum, B. gouldi, B. donovani, 
and B. tottenii, dredged in from five to thirty fathoms, and asso- 
ciated with Chrysodomus despectus, Tritonofusus kroyert, variety 
cretaceus, and T'ritonofusus spitzbergensis Reeve (Szpho lividus 
Morch). To these Mr. Bryant has added the true T'ritonofusus 
islandicus and the large brown Beringius largilliertt with its big 
protoconch. Trophon clathratus is a slender, waxy, white shell, 
with about twelve thin, elevated, longitudinal ribs, while between 
the ribs are numerous slight spiral lines. In almost every dredge, 
we find the little hairy-keeled shell, Trichotropis borealis, and 
equally common the small, cancellated Admete couthouyi, belong- 
ing to the family Cancellariide. Another conspicuous group of 
shells, which may appropriately be called the little ‘“‘ tower-shells,” 
is represented by three species, — Turritella erosa, T. reticulata, 
and Turritellopsis acicula. Professor Packard records a dozen 
species of Bela, little high-spired shells, the most northern repre- 
sentatives of the family Pleurotomide. The little pearly Marga- 
ritas are quite common in some localities; Margarita grenlandica, 
M. cinerea, M. argentata, and M. helicina are the principal species. 
The sea-snails are represented by three species. Natica clausa is 
found in almost every haul of the dredge. It is readily distin- 
guished from the others by having a calcareous opercula, and the 
umbilicus entirely covered by a callus. Lunatia heros is recorded 
from the Strait of Belle Isle, and L. grenlandica from fifteen fath- 
oms in Chateau Bay. A large and interesting shell is the A porrhais 
occidentalis, allied to the “‘pelican’s foot” (A porrhais pes-pelicant) 
of Europe, but having the lip entire and not lobed as in that 
species. It was dredged in numbers, at Gready and Egg harbours, 
in seven to twenty fathoms. Three species of limpets are also re- 
corded, Acmea testudinalis, A. rubella, and Lepta ceca, the latter 
being the most plentiful. 
A remnant of the littoral fauna, of more southern regions, exists 
in the presence of a few species of the family Litorinide. The 
*““neriwinkle,” Littorina litorea, is reported by Stearns as rare; 
L. palliata is recorded from the Strait of Belle Isle, while L. rudis 
is not uncommon along the whole coast. Living in the crevices 
of the damp, spray-covered rocks, above the direct effects of the 
ice, they are able to withstand the Arctic conditions. 
Shells are frequently covered with a light pink or reddish col- 
oured, stony alge (Lithothamnion polymorphum), frequently 
referred to as ‘“‘Nullipores.” Clinging to the rocks and shells 
covered with this reddish growth, we find the little red chitons, T’ra- 
chydermon rubrum and Tonicella marmorea, so closely resembling it 
in colour as to almost escape detection. This was especially notice- 
able in the collection made by Mr. Bryant at Gready Harbour, in 
