Trees, Shrubs and Vines 
26. Downy Poplar. Swamp Cottonwood. (Populus 
heterophylla.) 
Lear: 4’-7', simple, alternate, serrate, broad-ovate, apex 
blunt, base sometimes cordate, young leaves white-woolly, be- 
coming almost smooth. Branches round. RANGE: west New 
England to Illinois, and south; swamps. (PI. V.) 
27. Red Mulberry. (Morus rubra.) 
LEAF: 3'-6', simple, alternate, crenate-serrate (sometimes 2-3- 
jobed), roundish to ovate, base cordate and often oblique, apex 
pointed, rough above, soft-hairy beneath. FLOWER: in catkin- 
like spikes. Fruit: reddish, then purplish, blackberry-like, in- 
sipid ; July ; low tree and shrub. 
28. White Mulberry. (Morus alba.) 
LEAF: 3'-6', as in 27, but glossy and smooth above, smooth 
beneath. FRUIT: whitish; introduced, but becoming sponta- 
neous. (Pl. VII.) 
29. Paper Birch. Canoe Birch. (Betula papyrifera.) 
LEAF: 3'-5', simple, alternate, serrate, broad-ovate to oval, 
apex pointed, base cordate or obtuse. Bark chalky-white ; tree 
much larger than white birch (65). RANGE: New England to 
Pennsylvania and west. (PI. IV.) 
30. Sea-side Alder. (Alnus maritima.) 
LEAF: 2’-4', simple, alternate, finely serrate, roundish to ob- 
long, thickish. FLOWER: in catkins in September. Delaware 
and Maryland, near water ; low tree and shrub. 
31. Sweet Birch. Black Birch. (Betula lenta.) 
LEAF: 3'-5’, simple, alternate (often 2 fazrs), sharply serrate, 
ovate to oval, apex pointed, base slightly cordate; trunk-bark 
dark, smooth, not peeling, but perpendicularly cracking ; ¢wig- 
bark aromatic. RANGE: northerly, and along Alleghanies ; 
damp woods. (Pl. IV.) 
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