Description of Native Trees 
46. Balm of Gilead. (Populus balsamifera, var. candicans.) 
LeaF : 3-6, much like 45, but broader, base cordate, and 
young leaves and stems hairy. RANGE of 45. (PI. VI.) 
47. Wild Apple. Crab Apple. (Pyrus coronaria.) 
LEAF: 3-4’, simple, alternate, coarsely serrate (and some- 
times lobed), ovate, base occasionally cordate. FLOWER: rather 
large, rosy, fragrant, few in cluster; May. RANGE: west New 
York to Wisconsin, and south; small tree and shrub. The 
*“narrow-leaved crab apple,” with narrower leaf generally ser- 
rate, and styles entirely distinct, from Pennsylvania southward, 
is probably a variety of the above. (PI. X.) 
48. Sour-wood. Sorrel-tree. (Oxydendrum arboreum.) 
LEAF: 4-7’, simple, alternate, finely serrate, lance-oblong, 
apex pointed. FLOWER: white (corolla 5-toothed), in long com- 
pound terminal clusters ; June, July. RANGE: Pennsylvania and 
Ohio, and south. 
49. American Holly. (Ilex opaca.) 
LEAF : 2-4’, simple, alternate, serrate with spiny teeth (or with 
bristle-pointed lobes), oval, thick, evergreen, glossy. FLOWER: 
white, sessile, in small clusters along branches ; June ; berries 
red. RANGE: Maine to Pennsylvania, near coast ; tree and shrub. 
(Pl. X.) 
50. Chestnut Oak. (Quercus prinus.) 
LeaF: 4'-12’, simple, alternate, coarsely crenate or numerously 
small-lobed, oblong or slightly obovate. More abundant to the 
south. (PI. I.) 
51. Yellow Chestnut Oak. (Quercus Muhlenbergii.) 
LaF: 4’-8', simple, alternate, coarsely toothed, oblong to 
elliptical, apex usually pointed; the form of chestnut leaf, but 
with a slender stem. (PI. I.) 
52. Chinquapin, (Chestnut.) (Castanea pumila.) 
LEAF: 3-5’, simple, alternate, serrate, oblong or elliptical, apex 
sharp, whitish beneath. Nut sz#gie in bur, $size of chestnut. 
RANGE: So. Pennsylvania to Ohio, and south ; low tree and shrub. 
201 
