Description of Native Shrubs 
43. Wild Red Raspberry. (Rubus strigosus.) 
LEAF : pinnate ; leaflets, 3-5, long-ovate, apex pointed, irreg- 
ularly serrate (lateral ones without stems), whitened beneath. 
FLOWER : p., white (petals 5, stamens numerous); June, July; 
fruit red, hemispherical ; stalks with bloom, and bristly rather 
than prickly. (Pl. III.) 
44. Black Raspberry. Thimbleberry. (Rubus occidentalis.) 
LEAF : pinnate ; leaflets, 3 (seldom 5), ovate, coarsely serrate, 
apex pointed, whitened beneath, lateral ones short-stemmed ; 
stalks and leaf-stems with bloom and prickly. FLOWER: as in 
43; fruit purple-black, hemispherical. (Pl. III.) 
45. High Blackberry. Common Blackberry. (Rubus 
villosus.) 
LEAF: pinnate ; leaflets, 3 (or lateral ones in pairs), ovate, ser- 
rate, apex pointed, green beneath. FLOWER: as in 43, but in 
lengthened leafless clusters; May, June; stalks grooved, prickly 
and without bloom; 1°-6° high. (PL III.) 
46. Low Blackberry. Dewberry. (Rubus canadensis.) 
LEAF: about as in 45. FLOWER: as in 45; stalk but little 
prickly, ot grooved, with no bloom, considerably trailing. (PI. 
III.) 
47. Sand Blackberry. (Rubus cuneifolius.) 
LEAF: pinnate; leaflets, 3-5, wedge-obovate, serrate toward 
apex, thickish, whitened below. FLOWER: p., white or rose- 
tinted (petals large, three times length of sepals), 2-4-clustered ; 
May-July. Southern New York and south ; 1°-3° high; prickly. 
48. Low Bush-blackberry. (Rubus trivialis.) 
LEAF : pinnate; leaflets, 3 (or lateral ones paired), long-ovate 
to lance-shaped, serrate, evergreen, leathery. FLOWER: as in 
47; March-May ; stalks prickly, and almost trailing. Virginia. 
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