Trees, Shrubs and Vines 
76. Roses. (Rosa.) 
LEAF: pinnate, alternate ; leaflets, 5-7 (1'-2'), serrate. FLOW- 
ER: of the rose type, p. petals 5 or many, stamens many ; stems 
thorny (except in Boursaltii) ; specific details as follows : 
(a) R. canina: leaflets, 5-7, elliptical, not hairy; prickles 
stout, sickle-shaped. Flower rosy, sepals feathery; June ; fruit 
oblong, dark red; 3°-9°. Europe. 
(b) R. centifolia ; leaflets, 5, oval, hairy beneath. Flower rose- 
color, large, full double (calyx-lobes mostly somewhat pinnate), 
single, on long stems; June; stems erect, with stout curved 
thorns. 
(c) &. rugosa. leaflets, 7, oval, pointed, dark vivid green, 
thickish, somewhat wrinkled. Flower rose-red, petals 5. Var. 
with white flowers; June. (PI. II.) 
(d) R. Boursaltii: leaflets, 7, oval, base tapering, thin. 
Flower deep pink, petals 5; shrub and vine; thornless. 
77. European Raspberry. (Rubus idzus.) 
LEAF: pinnate (7 leaflets) or trifoliate; leaflets serrate, more 
or less white-cottony beneath, ovate, pointed. FLOWER: p. 
white (petals 5, about or quite as small as sepals, stamens many), 
in small clusters; May, June; thorny. 
78. European Raspberry. (Rubus fruticosa.) 
LEAF: palmate; leaflets, 5, serrate. FLOWER: p. reddish 
(details as in last, but petals not as small), in loose, terminal 
clusters; June, July; fruit black; thorny. 
79. Cut-leaved Raspberry. (Rubus laciniata.) 
LeaF: palmate; leaflets, 5, fringe-cut, hairy beneath. 
FLowER: p. violet (details as in last), in large, terminal clus- 
ters; July, August; thorny. (Pl. IV.) (The illustration should 
have been palmate.) 
80. Japanese Aralia. (A. pentaphylla.) 
LEAF : palmate, opposite ; leaflets, 5, serrate, elliptical, pointed, 
pale green. FLOWER: asin 74; thorny. (PI. IV.) 
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